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The core challenge in unsupervised anomaly detection is identifying abnormal patterns without prior knowledge of their characteristics. While existing methods have addressed aspects of this problem, they often struggle to learn a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Prithul Sarker , Sushmita Sarker , Nicholas G. Murray , Alireza Tavakkoli

This paper presents a fast and principled approach for solving the visual anomaly detection and segmentation problem. In this setup, we have access to only anomaly-free training data and want to detect and identify anomalies of an arbitrary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Ibrahima Ndiour , Nilesh Ahuja , Utku Genc , Omesh Tickoo

Modern software systems have become increasingly complex, which makes them difficult to test and validate. Detecting software partial anomalies in complex systems at runtime can assist with handling unintended software behaviors, avoiding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Shiyi Kong , Jun Ai , Minyan Lu , Shuguang Wang , W. Eric Wong

Synthesizing realistic and spatially precise anomalies is essential for enhancing the robustness of industrial anomaly detection systems. While recent diffusion-based methods have demonstrated strong capabilities in modeling complex defect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yanshu Wang , Xichen Xu , Xiaoning Lei , Guoyang Xie

Anomaly detection aims to identify data instances that deviate significantly from majority of data, which has been widely used in fraud detection, network security, and industrial quality control. Existing methods struggle with datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yang Cao , Sikun Yang , Xuyun Zhang , Yujiu Yang

Anomaly detection from a driver's perspective when driving is important to autonomous vehicles. As a part of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), it can remind the driver about dangers timely. Compared with traditional studied scenes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Yuan Yuan , Dong Wang , Qi Wang

Anomaly detection in spatiotemporal data is a challenging problem encountered in a variety of applications including hyperspectral imaging, video surveillance, and urban traffic monitoring. Existing anomaly detection methods are most suited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Seyyid Emre Sofuoglu , Selin Aviyente

With the growing complexity of cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructures such as water treatment networks, there is a pressing need for robust anomaly detection strategies that account for both system vulnerabilities and evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Arun Vignesh Malarkkan , Haoyue Bai , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

Current state-of-the-art multi-class unsupervised anomaly detection (MUAD) methods rely on training encoder-decoder models to reconstruct anomaly-free features. We first show these approaches have an inherent fidelity-stability dilemma in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xingwu Zhang , Guanxuan Li , Paul Henderson , Gerardo Aragon-Camarasa , Zijun Long

The monitoring and management of high-volume feature-rich traffic in large networks offers significant challenges in storage, transmission and computational costs. The predominant approach to reducing these costs is based on performing a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-16 Tingshan Huang , Harish Sethu , Nagarajan Kandasamy

In the domain of anomaly detection, methods often excel in either high-level semantic or low-level industrial benchmarks, rarely achieving cross-domain proficiency. Semantic anomalies are novelties that differ in meaning from the training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Luc P. J. Sträter , Mohammadreza Salehi , Efstratios Gavves , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano

Robustness against noisy imaging is crucial for practical image anomaly detection systems. This study introduces a Robust Anomaly Detection (RAD) dataset with free views, uneven illuminations, and blurry collections to systematically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yuqi Cheng , Yunkang Cao , Rui Chen , Weiming Shen

This paper explores the problem of class-generalizable anomaly detection, where the objective is to train one unified AD model that can generalize to detect anomalies in diverse classes from different domains without any retraining or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Xincheng Yao , Zixin Chen , Chao Gao , Guangtao Zhai , Chongyang Zhang

Anomaly detection is the process of identifying unexpected events or ab-normalities in data, and it has been applied in many different areas such as system monitoring, fraud detection, healthcare, intrusion detection, etc. Providing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Ming-Chang Lee , Jia-Chun Lin , Ernst Gunnar Gran

Reconstruction-based approaches have achieved remarkable outcomes in anomaly detection. The exceptional image reconstruction capabilities of recently popular diffusion models have sparked research efforts to utilize them for enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Haoyang He , Jiangning Zhang , Hongxu Chen , Xuhai Chen , Zhishan Li , Xu Chen , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Lei Xie

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) is critical for identifying abnormal nodes in graph-structured data from diverse domains, including cybersecurity and social networks. The existing GAD methods often focus on the learning paradigms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yixin Liu , Shiyuan Li , Yu Zheng , Qingfeng Chen , Chengqi Zhang , Philip S. Yu , Shirui Pan

Anomaly detection is crucial for understanding unusual behaviors in data, as anomalies offer valuable insights. This paper introduces Dependency-based Anomaly Detection (DepAD), a general framework that utilizes variable dependencies to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Sha Lu , Lin Liu , Kui Yu , Thuc Duy Le , Jixue Liu , Jiuyong Li

Reconstruction-based anomaly detection models achieve their purpose by suppressing the generalization ability for anomaly. However, diverse normal patterns are consequently not well reconstructed as well. Although some efforts have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Wenrui Liu , Hong Chang , Bingpeng Ma , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Anomaly detection (AD) is the identification of data samples that do not fit a learned data distribution. As such, AD systems can help physicians to determine the presence, severity, and extension of a pathology. Deep generative models,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-12 Jaime Simarro , Ezequiel de la Rosa , Thijs Vande Vyvere , David Robben , Diana M. Sima

Today's cyber-world is vastly multivariate. Metrics collected at extreme varieties demand multivariate algorithms to properly detect anomalies. However, forecast-based algorithms, as widely proven approaches, often perform sub-optimally or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Lan Wang , Yusan Lin , Yuhang Wu , Huiyuan Chen , Fei Wang , Hao Yang