Related papers: On Non-standard Models of Arithmetic with Uncounta…
Elimination of unknowns in systems of equations, starting with Gaussian elimination, is a problem of general interest. The problem of finding an a priori upper bound for the number of differentiations in elimination of unknowns in a system…
In this paper, we study the closed points of arithmetic schemes. We accomplish this by showing that the product of the cardinals of residue fields of closed points in an arithmetic scheme can be regularized. This regularization yields a new…
Friedman and Stanley developed the notion of Borel reducibility and illustrated its use in comparing classification problems for some familiar classes of countable structures. For many embeddings, the fact that the embedding is $1-1$ on…
Descriptive set theory is mainly concerned with studying subsets of the space of all countable binary sequences. In this paper we study the generalization where countable is replaced by uncountable. We explore properties of generalized…
A mathematical concept is identified and analyzed that is implicit in the 2012 paper Turing Incomputable Computation, presented at the Alan Turing Centenary Conference (Turing-100, Manchester). The concept, called dynamic level sets, is…
This paper addresses the classical problem of determining the set of possible states of a linear discrete-time system subject to bounded disturbances from measurements corrupted by bounded noise. These so-called uncertainty sets evolve with…
In previous papers on this project a general static logical framework for formalizing and mechanizing set theories of different strength was suggested, and the power of some predicatively acceptable theories in that framework was explored.…
The study of computability has its origin in Hilbert's conference of 1900, where an adjacent question, to the ones he asked, is to give a precise description of the notion of algorithm. In the search for a good definition arose three…
It was proved in [14] that the existence of a noncritical multiplier for a (smooth) nonlinear programming problem is equivalent to an error bound condition for the Karush-Kuhn-Thcker (KKT) system without any assumptions. This paper…
A. V. Arhangel'ski\u{i} introduced in 2012, when he was visiting the department of Mathematics at King Abduaziz University, new weaker versions of normality, called \it $C$-normality, \rm and \it countable normality. \rm The purpose of this…
Specifying a computational problem requires fixing encodings for input and output: encoding graphs as adjacency matrices, characters as integers, integers as bit strings, and vice versa. For such discrete data, the actual encoding is…
This paper considers the problem of testing whether there exists a solution satisfying certain non-negativity constraints to a linear system of equations. Importantly and in contrast to some prior work, we allow all parameters in the system…
This paper considers the problem of cardinality estimation in data stream applications. We present a statistical analysis of probabilistic counting algorithms, focusing on two techniques that use pseudo-random variates to form…
In this note, we present a characterization of sets definable in Skolem arithmetic, i.e., the first-order theory of natural numbers with multiplication. This characterization allows us to prove the decidability of the theory. The idea is…
According to the math tea argument, there must be real numbers that we cannot describe or define, because there are uncountably many real numbers, but only countably many definitions. And yet, the existence of pointwise-definable models of…
An alternative mathematics based on qualitative plurality of finiteness is developed to make non-standard mathematics independent of infinite set theory. The vague concept "accessibility" is used coherently within finite set theory whose…
Harrington and Soare introduced the notion of an n-tardy set. They showed that there is a nonempty $\mathcal{E}$ property Q(A) such that if Q(A) then A is 2-tardy. Since they also showed no 2-tardy set is complete, Harrington and Soare…
Generalizations of linear numeration systems in which the set of natural numbers is recognizable by finite automata are obtained by describing an arbitrary infinite regular language following the lexicographic ordering. For these systems of…
Given a computable sequence of natural numbers, it is a natural task to find a G\"odel number of a program that generates this sequence. It is easy to see that this problem is neither continuous nor computable. In algorithmic learning…
In this paper we investigate the problem of sorting a set of $n$ coins, each with distinct but unknown weights, using an unusual scale. The classical version of this problem, which has been well-studied, gives the user a binary scale,…