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Estimation of quantum states and measurements is crucial for the implementation of quantum information protocols. The standard method for each is quantum tomography. However, quantum tomography suffers from systematic errors caused by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-19 Adam C. Keith , Charles H. Baldwin , Scott Glancy , E. Knill

Recent work has revealed that the wave function of a pure state can be measured directly and that complementary knowledge of a quantum system can be obtained simultaneously by weak measurements. However, the original scheme applies only to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-04 Shengjun Wu

We show that reformulating the Direct State Tomography (DST) protocol in terms of projections into a set of non-orthogonal bases one can perform an accuracy analysis of DST in a similar way as in the standard projection-based reconstruction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-02 Isabel Sainz , Andrei B. Klimov

Von Neumann measurement framework describes a dynamic interaction between a target system and a probe. In contrast, a quantum controlled measurement framework uses a qubit probe to control the actions of different operators on the target…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-03 Le Bin Ho

In general, the state of a quantum system represented by density operator and its determination is a fundamental problem in quantum mechanics. A method of direct measurement of matrix element of density operator of a single two dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-16 Yusuf Turek

New techniques based on weak measurements have recently been introduced to the field of quantum state reconstruction. Some of them allow the direct measurement of each matrix element of an unknown density operator and need only $O(d)$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-31 Luca Calderaro , Giulio Foletto , Daniele Dequal , Paolo Villoresi , Giuseppe Vallone

State preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors limit the performance of many gate-based quantum computing architecures, but are partly correctable after a calibration step that requires, for an exact implementation on a register of $n$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-16 Mingyu Sun , Michael R. Geller

We present a general denoising algorithm for performing simultaneous tomography of quantum states and measurement noise. This algorithm allows us to fully characterize state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors present in any quantum…

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental tool in quantum information processing. It allows us to estimate the state of a quantum system by measuring different observables on many identically prepared copies of the system. This is, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-28 Carlos A. Riofrío

Quantum process tomography (QPT), used to estimate the linear map that best describes a quantum operation, is usually performed using a priori assumptions about state preparation and measurement (SPAM), which yield a biased and inconsistent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Robin Blume-Kohout , Kenneth Rudinger , Timothy Proctor

Direct state tomography (DST) using weak measurements has received wide attention. Based on the concept of coupling-deformed pointer observables presented by Zhang \emph{et al}.[Phys. Rev. A \textbf{93}, 032128 (2016)], a modified direct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-29 Xuanmin Zhu , Yu-Xiang Zhang , Shengjun Wu

In this note, we describe a method for reconstructing matrix product states from a small number of efficiently-implementable measurements. Our method is exponentially faster than standard tomography, and it can also be used to certify that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-26 Olivier Landon-Cardinal , Yi-Kai Liu , David Poulin

The measurement of a quantum state poses a unique challenge for experimentalists. Recently, the technique of "direct measurement" was proposed for characterizing a quantum state in-situ through sequential weak and strong measurements. While…

A direct measurement protocol allows reconstructing specific elements of the density matrix of a quantum state without using quantum state tomography. However, the direct measurement protocols to date are primarily based on weak or strong…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Tianfeng Feng , Changliang Ren , Xiaoqi Zhou

The direct sampling method (DSM) has been introduced for non-iterative imaging of small inhomogeneities and is known to be fast, robust, and effective for inverse scattering problems. However, to the best of our knowledge, a full analysis…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-26 Sangwoo Kang , Marc Lambert , Won-Kwang Park

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the process of reconstructing the state of a quantum system (mathematically described as a density matrix) through a series of different measurements, which can be solved by learning a parameterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Hailan Ma , Zhenhong Sun , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Herschel Rabitz

We establish methods for quantum state tomography based on compressed sensing. These methods are specialized for quantum states that are fairly pure, and they offer a significant performance improvement on large quantum systems. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 David Gross , Yi-Kai Liu , Steven T. Flammia , Stephen Becker , Jens Eisert

Quantum tomography is a critically important tool to evaluate quantum hardware, making it essential to develop optimized measurement strategies that are both accurate and efficient. We compare a variety of strategies using nearly pure test…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-18 H. Sosa-Martinez , N. K. Lysne , C. H. Baldwin , A. Kalev , I. H. Deutsch , P. S. Jessen

This work is concerned with a direct sampling method (DSM) for inverse acoustic scattering problems using far-field data. The method characterizes some unknown obstacles, inhomogeneous media or cracks, directly through an indicator function…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-27 Jingzhi Li , Jun Zou

We propose an estimation method for quantum measurement tomography (QMT) based on semidefinite programming (SDP), and discuss how it may be employed to detect experimental imperfections, such as shot noise and/or faulty preparation of the…