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To obtain a complete description of a quantum system, one usually employs standard quantum state tomography, which however requires exponential number of measurements to perform and hence is impractical when the system's size grows large.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-17 Tao Xin , Xinfang Nie , Xiangyu Kong , Jingwei Wen , Dawei Lu , Jun Li

We discuss a general technique for using quantum logic spectroscopy to perform quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements that determine which of two subspaces a logic ion is in. We then show how to use the scheme to perform high fidelity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 R. Tyler Sutherland

In the context of quantum tomography, we recently introduced a quantity called a partial determinant \cite{jackson2015detecting}. PDs (partial determinants) are explicit functions of the collected data which are sensitive to the presence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Christopher Jackson , Steven van Enk

State estimation is routinely being performed in high-voltage power transmission grids in order to assist in operation and to detect faulty equipment. In low- and medium-voltage power distribution grids, on the other hand, few real-time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-15 Henrik Sandberg , György Dán , Ragnar Thobaben

Ascertaining the physical state of a system is vital in order to understand and predict its behaviour. Tomography is a standard approach used to determine the form of an unknown state. Here we show that an alternative approach, based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-01 Jeff Z. Salvail , Megan Agnew , Allan S. Johnson , Eliot Bolduc , Jonathan Leach , Robert W. Boyd

In this work we introduce a general scheme for measurement based quantum computation in continuous variables. Our approach does not necessarily rely on the use of ancillary cluster states to achieve its aim, but rather on the detection of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Giulia Ferrini , Jonathan Roslund , Francesco Arzani , Claude Fabre , Nicolas Treps

Quantum state tomography (QST) aiming at reconstructing the density matrix of a quantum state plays an important role in various emerging quantum technologies. Recognizing the challenges posed by imperfect measurement data, we develop a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Hailan Ma , Daoyi Dong , Ian R. Petersen , Chang-Jiang Huang , Guo-Yong Xiang

State estimation allows to monitor power networks, exploiting field measurements to derive the most likely grid state. In the literature, measurement errors are usually assumed to follow zero-mean Gaussian distributions; however, it has…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Marta Vanin , Tom Van Acker , Reinhilde D'hulst , Dirk Van Hertem

We present a two-step protocol for quantum measurement tomography that is light on classical co-processing cost and still achieves optimal sample complexity in the system dimension. Given measurement data from a known probe state ensemble,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Leonardo Zambrano , Sergi Ramos-Calderer , Richard Kueng

Herein, we propose a novel strategy for implementing a direct readout of the symmetric characteristic function of the quantum states of quantum fields without the involvement of idealized measurements, an aspect that has always been deemed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 Zehua Tian , Jiliang Jing , Jiangfeng Du

Debugging quantum states transformations is an important task of modern quantum computing. The use of quantum tomography for these purposes significantly expands the range of possibilities. However, the presence of preparation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-11 B. I. Bantysh , Yu. I. Bogdanov

The calibration of quantum measurements is limited by the ability to accurately prepare quantum states under unknown device errors. We develop an accurate calibration protocol for the measurement apparatus of a quantum computer that is…

Magic state distillation (MSD) is the leading approach to generate the non-Clifford resources required for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. While most analyses assume ideal measurements in the distillation process, this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Yunzhe Zheng , Yuanchen Zhao , Dong E. Liu

In quantum computing, the indirect measurement of unitary operators such as the Hadamard test plays a significant role in many algorithms. However, in certain cases, the indirect measurement can be reduced to the direct measurement, where a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

The possible state space dimension increases exponentially with respect to the number of qubits. This feature makes the quantum state tomography expensive and impractical for identifying the state of merely several qubits. The recent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Kezhi Li , Shuang Cong

Smoothing is a technique for estimating the state of an imperfectly monitored open system by combining both prior and posterior measurement information. In the quantum regime, current approaches to smoothing either give unphysical outcomes,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Mingxuan Liu , Valerio Scarani , Alexia Auffèves , Kiarn T. Laverick

Quantum information has been drawing a wealth of research in recent years, shedding light on questions at the heart of quantum mechanics, as well as advancing fields such as complexity theory, cryptography, key distribution, and chemistry.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 Dikla Oren , Maor Mutzafi , Yonina C. Eldar , Mordechai Segev

Remarkable breakthroughs in quantum science and technology are demanding for more efficient methods in analyzing quantum many-body states. A significant challenge in this field is to verify whether a quantum state prepared by quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Langxuan Chen , Pengfei Zhang

The quantum state associated to an unknown experimental preparation procedure can be determined by performing quantum state tomography. If the statistical uncertainty in the data dominates over other experimental errors, then a tomographic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-15 Jessica O. de Almeida , Matthias Kleinmann , Gael Sentís

We propose a protocol to test whether the postulate of a measurement acting as an instantaneous projection onto an eigenstate of the measurement apparatus is compatible with physical reality. This approach is solely based on repeated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Leonard Werner Pingen , Mattia Moroder , Sebastian Paeckel
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