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Bipedal humanoid robots must precisely coordinate balance, timing, and contact decisions when locomoting on constrained footholds such as stepping stones, beams, and planks -- even minor errors can lead to catastrophic failure. Classical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Min Dai , William D. Compton , Junheng Li , Lizhi Yang , Aaron D. Ames

We address the challenge of effectively controlling the locomotion of legged robots by incorporating precise frequency and phase characteristics, which is often ignored in locomotion policies that do not account for the periodic nature of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Taixian Hou , Yueqi Zhang , Xiaoyi Wei , Zhiyan Dong , Jiafu Yi , Peng Zhai , Lihua Zhang

Animals locomote robustly and agile, albeit significant sensorimotor delays of their nervous system. The sensorimotor control of legged robots is implemented with much higher frequencies-often in the kilohertz range-and sensor and actuator…

In this study, a chair-type asymmetric tripedal low-rigidity robot was designed based on the three-legged chair character in the movie "Suzume" and its gait was generated. Its body structure consists of three legs that are asymmetric to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Shintaro Inoue , Kento Kawaharazuka , Kei Okada , Masayuki Inaba

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) based quadrupedal locomotion control has emerged as an extensively researched field, driven by the potential advantages of autonomous learning and adaptation compared to traditional control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Maurya Gurram , Prakash Kumar Uttam , Shantipal S. Ohol

Understanding pedestrian behavior is crucial for the safe deployment of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in urban environments. Traditional pedestrian behavior models often fall into two categories: mechanistic models, which do not generalize well…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Yueyang Wang , Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan , Yee Mun Lee , Gustav Markkula

Agile and adaptive maneuvers such as fall recovery, high-speed turning, and sprinting in the wild are challenging for legged systems. We propose a Curricular Hindsight Reinforcement Learning (CHRL) that learns an end-to-end tracking…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Sicen Li , Yiming Pang , Panju Bai , Zhaojin Liu , Jiawei Li , Shihao Hu , Liquan Wang , Gang Wang

This paper presents a framework that leverages both control theory and machine learning to obtain stable and robust bipedal locomotion without the need for manual parameter tuning. Traditionally, gaits are generated through trajectory…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Maegan Tucker , Noel Csomay-Shanklin , Wen-Loong Ma , Aaron D. Ames

Precise control of lower limb exoskeletons during sit-to-stand (STS) transitions remains a central challenge in rehabilitation robotics owing to the highly nonlinear, time-varying dynamics of the human-exoskeleton system and the stringent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ranjeet Kumbhar , Rajmeet Singh , Appaso M Gadade , Ashish Singla , Irfan Hussain

This work proposes a force control strategy with prescribed transient performance for the legs of a wheel-legged robotic system to realize the posture adjustment on uneven roads. A dynamic model of the robotic system is established with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Dongchen Liu , Junzheng Wang , Shoukun Wang , Dawei Shi , Huaihang Zheng , Yuan Huang

Deep reinforcement learning is a promising approach to learning policies in uncontrolled environments that do not require domain knowledge. Unfortunately, due to sample inefficiency, deep RL applications have primarily focused on simulated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Laura Smith , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

Quadruped robots are usually equipped with additional arms for manipulation, negatively impacting price and weight. On the other hand, the requirements of legged locomotion mean that the legs of such robots often possess the needed torque…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Yordan Tsvetkov , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Generating stable walking gaits that yield natural locomotion when executed on robotic-assistive devices is a challenging task that often requires hand-tuning by domain experts. This paper presents an alternative methodology, where we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Kejun Li , Maegan Tucker , Rachel Gehlhar , Yisong Yue , Aaron D. Ames

Rehabilitation technology is a natural setting to study the shared learning and decision-making of human and machine agents. In this work, we explore the use of Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) to develop adaptive control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sonny T. Jones , Grange M. Simpson , Patrick M. Pilarski , Ashley N. Dalrymple

A distinctive feature of quadrupeds that is integral to their locomotion is the tail. Tails serve many purposes in biological systems including propulsion, counterbalance, and stabilization while walking, running, climbing, or jumping.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Josh Buckley , Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin

This paper presents a layered control approach for real-time trajectory planning and control of robust cooperative locomotion by two holonomically constrained quadrupedal robots. A novel interconnected network of reduced-order models, based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Jeeseop Kim , Randall T Fawcett , Vinay R Kamidi , Aaron D Ames , Kaveh Akbari Hamed

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a promising approach to developing controllers for quadrupedal robots. Conventionally, an RL design for locomotion follows a position-based paradigm, wherein an RL policy outputs target joint positions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Shuxiao Chen , Bike Zhang , Mark W. Mueller , Akshara Rai , Koushil Sreenath

This paper presents a novel methodology to model and optimize trajectories of a quadrupedal robot with spinal compliance to improve standing jump performance compared to quadrupeds with a rigid spine. We introduce an elastic model for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Keran Ye , Konstantinos Karydis

Legged robots, particularly quadrupeds, excel at navigating rough terrains, yet their performance under vertical ground perturbations, such as those from oscillating surfaces, remains underexplored. This study introduces a novel approach to…

Legged robots need to be capable of walking on diverse terrain conditions. In this paper, we present a novel reinforcement learning framework for learning locomotion on non-rigid dynamic terrains. Specifically, our framework can generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Taehei Kim , Sung-Hee Lee