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Spin-orbit torques (SOT) provide a versatile tool to manipulate the magnetization of diverse classes of materials and devices using electric currents, leading to novel spintronic memory and computing approaches. In parallel to spin transfer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Viola Krizakova , Manu Perumkunnil , Sebastien Couet , Pietro Gambardella , Kevin Garello

We report on resonant tunneling magnetoresistance via localized states through a ZnSe semiconducting barrier which can reverse the sign of the effective spin polarization of tunneling electrons. Experiments performed on Fe/ZnSe/Fe planar…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Varalda , A. J. A. de Oliveira , D. H. Mosca , J. -M. George , M. Eddrief , M. Marangolo , V. H. Etgens

The universal oscillation of the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio as a function of the insulating barrier thickness in crystalline magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is a long-standing unsolved problem in condensed matter physics. To…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-11 Keisuke Masuda , Thomas Scheike , Hiroaki Sukegawa , Yusuke Kozuka , Seiji Mitani , Yoshio Miura

Experiments have shown that the tunneling current in a Co/Al$_2$O$_3$ magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) is positively spin polarized, opposite to what is intuitively expected from standard tunneling theory which gives the spin polarization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-11-04 T. Tzen Ong , A. M. Black-Schaffer , W. Shen , B. A. Jones

We study the electro-physical properties of the Fe/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). Sample structures are fabricated on top of glass-ceramic substrates by e-beam evaporation in a relatively low vacuum (~10^-4 Torr). The influence of…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-10-19 A. Filatov , A. Pogorelov , Ye. Pogoryelov

This letter introduces a micromagnetic model able to characterize the magnetization dynamics in three terminal magnetic tunnel junctions, where the effects of spin-transfer torque and spin-orbit torque are taken into account. Our results…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-18 R. Tomasello , M. Carpentieri , G. Finocchio

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJs) are emerging as promising components for stochastic units in neuromorphic computing, owing to their tunable random switching behavior. Conventional MTJ control methods, such as spin-transfer torque…

In conventional magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) typically increases with barrier thickness as electron transmission in the antiparallel configuration decays faster than that of the parallel…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Zongmeng Yang , Xingyue Yang , Jianhua Wang , Qiang Li , Rui Peng , Ching Hua Lee , Lay Kee Ang , Jing Lu , Yee Sin Ang , Shibo Fang

In this work, the effect of electrical coupling on stochastic switching of two in-plane superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) is studied, using experimental measurements as well as simulations. The coupling mechanism relies on the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Leo Schnitzspan , Mathias Kläui , Gerhard Jakob

We study current-induced switching in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) in the presence of a field-like spin-transfer torque and titled pinned-layer magnetization in the high current limit at finite temperature. We consider both the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-03-21 R. K. Tiwari , M. H. Jhon , N. Ng , D. J. Srolovitz , Chee Kwan Gan

We report time-resolved measurements of magnetization switching by spin-orbit torques in the absence of an external magnetic field in perpendicularly magnetized magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). Field-free switching is enabled by the dipolar…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-12 Viola Krizakova , Kevin Garello , Eva Grimaldi , Gouri Sankar Kar , Pietro Gambardella

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have attracted strong research interest within the last decades due to their potential use as nonvolatile memory such as MRAM as well as for magnetic logic applications. Half-metallic magnets (HMMs) have…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-05 T. Aull , E. Şaşıoğlu , N. F. Hinsche , I. Mertig

The thermal spin-transfer torque (TSTT) is an effect to switch the magnetic free layer in a magnetic tunnel junction by a temperature gradient only. We present ab initio calculations of the TSTT. In particular, we discuss the influence of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Christian Heiliger , Michael Czerner

We investigate the stochastic dynamics of nanoscale perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs) and the correlations that arise when they are electrically coupled. Individual junctions exhibit thermally activated spin-transfer torque…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Dairong Chen , Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Jonathan Z. Sun , Flaviano Morone , Dries Sels , Andrew D. Kent

We theoretically propose and analyze a Josephson-like magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structure that exhibits quantum spin dynamics analogous to those in superconducting Josephson junctions. By exploiting the isomorphism between the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 V. V. Yurlov , P. N. Skirdkov , K. A. Zvezdin , A. K. Zvezdin

Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJ) using low-barrier nanomagnets have shown promise as fast, energy-efficient, and scalable building blocks for probabilistic computing. Despite recent experimental and theoretical progress, sMTJs…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-05-03 Kemal Selcuk , Shun Kanai , Rikuto Ota , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami , Kerem Y. Camsari

We study spin-transfer-torque driven magnetization dynamics of a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) nanopillar. Based on the combination of spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance and microwave spectroscopy techniques, we demonstrate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Kaiyuan Zhou , Lina Chen , Kequn Chi , Qingwei Fu , Zui Tao , Like Liang , Zhenyu Gao , Haotian Li , Hao Meng , Bo Liu , Tiejun Zhou , R. H. Liu

Spin-transfer ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) in symmetric magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a varied thickness of the MgO tunnel barrier (0.75 nm < $t_{MgO}$ < 1.05 nm) is studied using the spin-torque diode effect. The application of…

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) based on ferromagnets are canonical devices in spintronics, with wide-ranging applications in data storage, computing, and sensing. They simultaneously exhibit mechanisms for electrical detection of magnetic…

We report on tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR), current-voltage (IV) characteristics and low frequency noise in epitaxially grown Fe(110)/MgO(111)/Fe(110) magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with dimensions from 2x2 to 20x20 um2. The…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Guerrero , F. G. Aliev , R. Villar , J. Hauch , M. Fraune , G. Guntherodt , K. Rott , H. Bruckl , G. Reiss