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Dynamic treatment regimes are sequential decision rules that adapt treatment according to individual time-varying characteristics and outcomes to achieve optimal effects, with applications in precision medicine, personalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-24 Yuanshan Gao , Yang Bai , Yifan Cui

Information technology (IT) systems are vital for modern businesses, handling data storage, communication, and process automation. Monitoring these systems is crucial for their proper functioning and efficiency, as it allows collecting…

Recent work has shown promising results in causal discovery by leveraging interventional data with gradient-based methods, even when the intervened variables are unknown. However, previous work assumes that the correspondence between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Gonçalo R. A. Faria , André F. T. Martins , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Learning efficiently a causal model of the environment is a key challenge of model-based RL agents operating in POMDPs. We consider here a scenario where the learning agent has the ability to collect online experiences through direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Maxime Gasse , Damien Grasset , Guillaume Gaudron , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Seasonal variation in environmental variables, and in rates of contact among individuals, are fundamental drivers of infectious disease dynamics. Unlike most periodically-forced physical systems, for which the precise pattern of forcing is…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-09 Irena Papst , David J. D. Earn

Many real-world decision-making tasks require learning causal relationships between a set of variables. Traditional causal discovery methods, however, require that all variables are observed, which is often not feasible in practical…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-27 Raj Agrawal , Chandler Squires , Neha Prasad , Caroline Uhler

Time series analysis is a vital task with broad applications in various domains. However, effectively capturing cross-dimension and cross-time dependencies in non-stationary time series poses significant challenges, particularly in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Kexuan Zhang , Xiaobei Zou , Yang Tang

Causal discovery, i.e., learning the causal graph from data, is often the first step toward the identification and estimation of causal effects, a key requirement in numerous scientific domains. Causal discovery is hampered by two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Ehsan Mokhtarian , Sepehr Elahi , Sina Akbari , Negar Kiyavash

This study introduces a data-driven, machine learning-based method to detect suitable control variables and instruments for assessing the causal effect of a treatment on an outcome in observational data. Our approach tests the joint…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-20 Nicolas Apfel , Julia Hatamyar , Martin Huber , Jannis Kueck

We consider the problem of discovering causal relations from independence constraints selection bias in addition to confounding is present. While the seminal FCI algorithm is sound and complete in this setup, no criterion for the causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Philip Versteeg , Cheng Zhang , Joris M. Mooij

We consider the problem of learning the causal MAG of a system from observational data in the presence of latent variables and selection bias. Constraint-based methods are one of the main approaches for solving this problem, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Sina Akbari , Ehsan Mokhtarian , AmirEmad Ghassami , Negar Kiyavash

The equations of complex dynamical systems may not be identified by expert knowledge, especially if the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Data-driven discovery methods address this challenge by inferring governing equations from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Amit K. Chakraborty , Hao Wang , Pouria Ramazi

One of the common obstacles for learning causal models from data is that high-order conditional independence (CI) relationships between random variables are difficult to estimate. Since CI tests with conditioning sets of low order can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

In many scientific disciplines, coarse-grained causal models are used to explain and predict the dynamics of more fine-grained systems. Naturally, such models require appropriate macrovariables. Automated procedures to detect suitable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Benedikt Höltgen

Temporal data, representing chronological observations of complex systems, has always been a typical data structure that can be widely generated by many domains, such as industry, medicine and finance. Analyzing this type of data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Chang Gong , Di Yao , Chuzhe Zhang , Wenbin Li , Jingping Bi

Identifying causal relationships in climate systems remains challenging due to nonlinear, coupled dynamics that limit the effectiveness of linear and stochastic causal discovery approaches. This study benchmarks Convergence Cross Mapping…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-23 Francis Nji , Seraj Al Mahmud Mostafa , Jianwu Wang

Time series forecasting is often fundamental to scientific and engineering problems and enables decision making. With ever increasing data set sizes, a trivial solution to scale up predictions is to assume independence between interacting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Kashif Rasul , Abdul-Saboor Sheikh , Ingmar Schuster , Urs Bergmann , Roland Vollgraf

Causal discovery (CD) from time-varying data is important in neuroscience, medicine, and machine learning. Techniques for CD encompass randomized experiments, which are generally unbiased but expensive, and algorithms such as Granger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Xinyue Wang , Konrad Paul Kording

It has been recently shown in Jaworski, P., Jelito, D. and Pitera, M. (2024), 'A note on the equivalence between the conditional uncorrelation and the independence of random variables', Electronic Journal of Statistics 18(1), that one can…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-24 Kewin Pączek , Damian Jelito , Marcin Pitera , Agnieszka Wyłomańska

Our goal is to estimate causal interactions in multivariate time series. Using vector autoregressive (VAR) models, these can be defined based on non-vanishing coefficients belonging to respective time-lagged instances. As in most cases a…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-08-13 Stefan Haufe , Guido Nolte , Klaus-Robert Mueller , Nicole Kraemer