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According to the black hole membrane paradigm, the black hole event horizon behaves like a 2+1 dimensional fluid. The fluid has nonzero momentum density but zero velocity. As a result, it does not respond to tidal forces in the usual way.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-09 Robert F. Penna

The response of black holes to companions is of fundamental importance in the context of their dynamics and of gravitational-wave emission. Here, we explore the effect of charge on the static response of black holes. With a view to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-01 David Pereñiguez , Vitor Cardoso

In this work, we investigate the tidal response of both static and rotating black holes in anti de-Sitter spacetime. We perform the neutral scalar field perturbation for Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes. On the other hand, charged scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-01 Yusmantoro , Freddy Permana Zen , Hadyan Luthfan Prihadi

In this note, we analyze black holes solutions under R3 corrections, which is the leading correction induced by quantum corrections in four-dimensions. We showed that perturbations around this black hole background will lead to non-zero…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-06-18 Shengsheng Cai , Kai-Der Wang

Tidal Love numbers characterize the conservative, static response of compact objects to external tidal fields. Remarkably, these quantities vanish identically for asymptotically flat black holes in four-dimensional general relativity. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-29 Valerio De Luca , Brandon Khek , Justin Khoury , Mark Trodden

A well-known result in general relativity is that the tidal Love numbers of black holes vanish. In contrast, different configurations to a black hole may have non-vanishing Love numbers. For instance, it has been conjectured recently that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-28 Camilo Posada

The deformability of a compact object under the presence of a tidal perturbation is encoded in the tidal Love numbers (TLNs), which vanish for isolated black holes in vacuum. We show that the TLNs of black holes surrounded by matter fields…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-25 V. De Luca , P. Pani

We compute the tidal Love numbers and static response coefficients associated to several rotating black holes in higher dimensions, including Myers-Perry black holes, black rings, and black strings. These coefficients exhibit a rich and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-08 Maria J. Rodriguez , Luca Santoni , Adam R. Solomon , Luis Fernando Temoche

It is well known that asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black holes in general relativity in four spacetime dimensions have vanishing induced linear tidal response. We extend this result beyond linear order for the polar sector, by solving…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-29 Massimiliano Maria Riva , Luca Santoni , Nikola Savić , Filippo Vernizzi

The coupling between the angular momentum of a compact object and an external tidal field gives rise to the "rotational" tidal Love numbers, which affect the tidal deformability of a spinning self-gravitating body and enter the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-25 Gonçalo Castro , Leonardo Gualtieri , Paolo Pani

We study static tidal Love numbers (TLNs) of a static and spherically symmetric black hole for odd-parity metric perturbations. We describe black hole perturbations using the effective field theory (EFT), formulated on an arbitrary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Chams Gharib Ali Barura , Hajime Kobayashi , Shinji Mukohyama , Naritaka Oshita , Kazufumi Takahashi , Vicharit Yingcharoenrat

In General Relativity, the static tidal Love numbers of black holes vanish identically. Whether this remains true for time-dependent tidal fields -- i.e., in the case of dynamical tidal Love numbers -- is an open question, complicated by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-03 Sumanta Chakraborty , Valerio De Luca , Leonardo Gualtieri , Paolo Pani

The tidal deformability of a self-gravitating object leaves an imprint on the gravitational-wave signal of an inspiral which is paramount to measure the internal structure of the binary components. We unveil here a surprisingly unnoticed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-30 Paolo Pani , Andrea Maselli

We calculate the tidal Love numbers of black holes and neutron stars in the presence of higher dimensions. The perturbation equations around an arbitrary static and spherically symmetric metric for the even parity modes are presented in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-30 Kabir Chakravarti , Sumanta Chakraborty , Sukanta Bose , Soumitra SenGupta

We construct a novel effective field theory for a compact body coupled to gravity, whose key feature is that the dynamics of gravitational perturbations is explicitly determined by known solutions in black hole perturbation theory in four…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-04 Dimitrios Kosmopoulos , Davide Perrone , Mikhail Solon

The tidal response of compact objects provides a powerful probe of their internal structure and of the surrounding gravitational field. We provide a comprehensive and unified overview of tidal effects in black holes, neutron stars, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-13 Sumanta Chakraborty , Paolo Pani

The multipole moments and the tidal Love numbers of neutron stars and quark stars satisfy certain relations which are almost insensitive to the star's internal structure. A natural question is whether the same relations hold for different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-24 Paolo Pani

Proca stars (arXiv:1508.05395) are everywhere regular, asymptotically flat self-gravitating solitons composed of complex, massive vector bosons, forming a macroscopic, star-sized, Bose-Einstein condensate. They have been suggested as a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-19 Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Grigoris Panotopoulos , Eugen Radu

Loop quantum gravitational effects can resolve the central singularity of black holes while potentially leaving tiny traces of quantization in the exterior spacetime. We show the way these residues can, in principle, be explored using tidal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-17 Meysam Motaharfar , Parampreet Singh

Here we consider two phenomena in the vicinity of a black hole deformed by the tidal gravitational force of surrounding matter and by a strong magnetic field: equatorial motion of charged particles and the decay of a test scalar field. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-20 R. A. Konoplya , Yu-Chun Liu