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An important physical phenomenon that manifests itself during the inspiral of two orbiting compact objects is the tidal deformation of each under the gravitational influence of its companion. In the case of binary neutron star mergers, this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-22 Vaishak Prasad , Anshu Gupta , Sukanta Bose , Badri Krishnan

The tidal deformation of compact objects, characterised by their Love numbers, provides insights into the internal structure of neutron stars and black holes. While static bosonic tidal Love numbers vanish for black holes in general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-15 Xiankai Pang , Yu Tian , Hongbao Zhang , Qingquan Jiang

Tidal Love numbers (TLNs) characterize the response of compact objects to external tidal fields and vanish for classical Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes in general relativity. Nonvanishing TLNs therefore provide a potential observational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-15 Rui Wang , Qi-Long Shi , Wei Xiong , Peng-Cheng Li

As a possible alternative to black holes, horizonless compact objects have significant implications for gravitational-wave physics. In this work, we utilize the standard linearized theory of general relativity to calculate the quadrupolar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-08 Rui-Xin Yang , Fei Xie , Dao-Jun Liu

The response of a gravitating object to an external tidal field is encoded in its Love numbers, which identically vanish for classical blackholes (BHs). Here we show, using standard time-independent quantum perturbation theory, that for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-20 Ram Brustein , Yotam Sherf

It is well established that black holes in four-dimensional, vacuum, general relativity exhibit vanishing static tidal Love numbers, indicating no multipolar response to the external tidal fields in the static limit. This intriguing feature…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-09 Chiranjeeb Singha , Sumanta Chakraborty

While static Love number vanish identically for Kerr black holes, we show that the corresponding dynamical tidal coefficients are generically non-zero and exhibit logarithmic behavior. The computational method employs a related but simpler…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-06 Malcolm Perry , Maria J. Rodriguez

The Weak Gravity Conjecture indicates that extremal black holes in the low energy effective field theory should be able to decay. This criterion gives rise to non-trivial constraints on the coefficients of higher-order derivative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-10-10 Valerio De Luca , Justin Khoury , Sam S. C. Wong

In Newtonian gravitational theory, a tidal Love number relates the mass multipole moment created by tidal forces on a spherical body to the applied tidal field. The Love number is dimensionless, and it encodes information about the body's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-29 Taylor Binnington , Eric Poisson

We develop a framework to compute the tidal response of a Kerr-like compact object in terms of its reflectivity, compactness, and spin, both in the static and the frequency-dependent case. Here we focus on the low-frequency regime, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-17 Sumanta Chakraborty , Elisa Maggio , Michela Silvestrini , Paolo Pani

The tidal deformability is a key observable to test the nature of compact objects in a binary coalescence. Within vacuum General Relativity, the tidal Love numbers of a four-dimensional black hole are strictly zero, while they are non-zero…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-26 Michela Silvestrini , Elisa Maggio , Sumanta Chakraborty , Paolo Pani

Ultralight bosonic fields can form condensates, or clouds, around spinning black holes. When this system is under the influence of a secondary massive body, its tidal response can be quantified in the tidal Love numbers (TLNs). Although…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-12 Ricardo Arana , Richard Brito , Gonçalo Castro

We study the tidal deformability of horizonless exotic compact objects, with implications for area quantized black holes. Since, any such horizonless compact object, including area quantized black hole, possesses a non-zero reflectivity, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-05 Sreejith Nair , Sumanta Chakraborty , Sudipta Sarkar

We show that the static tidal Love number of Schwarzschild black holes in four dimensions and in the vacuum vanishes at any order in the external tidal force. We also identify the underlying non-linear symmetry which is responsible for this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-16 Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

In General Relativity, the tidal Love numbers of black holes vanish, implying they are resistant to tidal deformation. This "rigidity" is easily broken in the presence of higher-derivative corrections. Focusing on extremal charged black…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-30 Toshifumi Noumi , Sam S. C. Wong

Tidal Love numbers quantify the conservative static response of compact objects to external tidal fields, and are found to vanish exactly for asymptotically flat black holes in four-dimensional general relativity. Many aspects of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-17 Valerio De Luca , Brandon Khek , Justin Khoury , Mark Trodden

The foundation for modeling the coupling of the internal structure of compact objects in binary systems to their dynamics and emitted gravitational waves is a systematic effective field theory (EFT) framework, where each compact object is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-04 Sumanta Chakraborty , M. V. S Saketh , Tanja Hinderer , Jan Steinhoff

The tidal Love numbers (TLNs) encode the deformability of a self-gravitating object immersed in a tidal environment and depend significantly both on the object's internal structure and on the dynamics of the gravitational field. An…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-13 Vitor Cardoso , Edgardo Franzin , Andrea Maselli , Paolo Pani , Guilherme Raposo

We study the tidal deformations of various known black hole and wormhole solutions in a simple context of warped compactification -- Randall-Sundrum theory in which the four-dimensional spacetime geometry is that of a brane embedded in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-02 H. S. Tan

Tidal coupling between members of a compact binary system can have an interesting and important influence on that binary's dynamical inspiral. Tidal coupling also distorts the binary's members, changing them (at lowest order) from spheres…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-02 Stephen O'Sullivan , Scott A. Hughes