Related papers: Hamiltonicity of the Double Vertex Graph and the C…

The cycle space of a graph $G$, denoted $C(G)$, is a vector space over ${\mathbb F}_2$, spanned by all incidence vectors of edge-sets of cycles of $G$. If $G$ has $n$ vertices, then $C_n(G)$ denotes the subspace of $C(G)$, spanned by the…

A consistent path system in a graph $G$ is an intersection-closed collection of paths, with exactly one path between any two vertices in $G$. We call $G$ metrizable if every consistent path system in it is the system of geodesic paths…

The bipartite-hole-number of a graph $G$, denoted as $\widetilde{\alpha}(G)$, is the minimum number $k$ such that there exist positive integers $s$ and $t$ with $s+t=k+1$ with the property that for any two disjoint sets $A,B\subseteq V(G)$…

The factorization number $F_2(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the number of all possible factorizations of $G=HK$ as product of its subgroups $H$ and $K$, while the subgroup commutativity degree $\mathrm{sd}(G)$ of $G$ is the probability of…

A coline graph $\text{co}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the graph with vertex set $E(G)$ for which two vertices $e$ and $e'$ of $\text{co}(G)$ are adjacent if and only if they are not adjacent as edges in $G$. A graph $G$ is tough if the number of…

Let $F_G(P)$ be a functional defined on the set of all the probability distributions on the vertex set of a graph $G$. We say that $G$ is \emph{symmetric with respect to $F_G(P)$} if the uniform distribution on $V(G)$ maximizes $F_G(P)$.…

Given any two graphs on the same vertex set, $G_1 = (V, E_1)$ and $G_2 = (V, E_2)$, along with the difference between the two graphs $\Delta = (E_1 \setminus E_2) \cup (E_2 \setminus E_1)$, we prove that the ratio of the sizes of the two…

Homomorphically full graphs are those for which every homomorphic image is isomorphic to a subgraph. We extend the definition of homomorphically full to oriented graphs in two different ways. For the first of these, we show that…

A spanning subgraph of a graph G is called a [0,2]-factor of G, if for . is a union of some disjoint cycles, paths and isolate vertices, that span the graph G. It is easy to get a [0,2]-factor of G and there would be many of [0,2]-factors…

We introduce and study the problem \mpd, which asks for two planar graphs $G_1$ and $G_2$ whether $G_1$ can be embedded such that its dual is isomorphic to $G_2$. Our algorithmic main result is an NP-completeness proof for the general case…

Kronk introduced the $l$-path hamiltonianicity of graphs in 1969. A graph is $l$-path Hamiltonian if every path of length not exceeding $l$ is contained in a Hamiltonian cycle. We have shown that if $P=uvz$ is a 2-path of a 2-connected,…

Let $\gamma(G)$ and $\gamma_t(G)$ denote the domination number and the total domination number, respectively, of a graph $G$ with no isolated vertices. It is well-known that $\gamma_t(G) \leq 2\gamma(G)$. We provide a characterization of a…

Supergrid graphs contain grid graphs and triangular grid graphs as their subgraphs. The Hamiltonian cycle and path problems for general supergrid graphs were known to be NP-complete. A graph is called Hamiltonian if it contains a…

The toughness of a noncomplete graph $G$ is the maximum real number $t$ such that the ratio of $|S|$ to the number of components of $G-S$ is at least $t$ for every cutset $S$ of $G$, and the toughness of a complete graph is defined to be…

A graph $G$ is called \emph{symmetric with respect to a functional $F_G(P)$} defined on the set of all the probability distributions on its vertex set if the distribution $P^*$ maximizing $F_G(P)$ is uniform on $V(G)$. Using the…

A graph $G$ is $k$-edge-Hamiltonian if any collection of vertex-disjoint paths with at most $k$ edges altogether belong to a Hamiltonian cycle in $G$. A graph $G$ is $k$-Hamiltonian if for all $S\subseteq V(G)$ with $|S|\le k$, the subgraph…

A graph $G$ is $F$-free if $G$ does not contain $F$ as a subgraph. Let $\mathcal{G}(m, F)$ denote the family of $F$-free graphs with $m$ edges and without isolated vertices. Let $S_{n,k}$ denote the graph obtained by joining every vertex of…

Given two 2 disjoint vertex-sets $S=\{u,x\}$ and $T=\{v,y\}$, a paired many-to-many 2-disjoint path cover joining S and T, is a set of two vertex-disjoint paths with endpoints $u,v$ and $x,y$, respectively, that cover every vertex of the…

In this article we study graphs with ordering of vertices, we define a generalization called a pseudoordering, and for a graph $H$ we define the $H$-Hamiltonian number of a graph $G$. We will show that this concept is a generalization of…

A {\it graph product} $G$ on a graph $\Gamma$ is a group defined as follows: For each vertex $v$ of $\Gamma$ there is a corresponding non-trivial group $G_v$. The group $G$ is the quotient of the free product of the $G_v$ by the commutation…