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We conjecture how the particle content of the standard model can emerge starting with a supersymmetric Wess-Zumino model in 1+1 dimensions (d = 2) with three real boson and fermion fields. Considering SU(3) transformations, the lagrangian…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-01-12 P. J. Mulders

We explore geometries that give rise to a novel algebraic structure, the Exceptional Drinfeld Algebra, which has recently been proposed as an approach to study generalised U-dualities, similar to the non-Abelian and Poisson-Lie…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-14 Chris D. A. Blair , Daniel C. Thompson , Sofia Zhidkova

The algebraic and geometric classifications of complex $3$-dimensional noncommutative Jordan superalgebras are given. In particular, we obtain the algebraic and geometric classification of $3$-dimensional Kokoris and standard superalgebras,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Hani Abdelwahab , Ivan Kaygorodov , Abror Khudoyberdiyev

In this article, we bypass the detailed symmetry breaking pathways established in [1]. Instead, a direct route from the Spin(10) model to the Standard Model is enabled via a single algebraic constraint. This single constraint, however, may…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-18 N. Furey

In this paper, we study the class of Jordan dialgebras. We develop an approach for reducing problems on dialgebras to the case of ordinary algebras. It is shown that straightforward generalizations of the classical Cohn's, Shirshov's, and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-05-16 Vasily Voronin

Let $M_n$ be the algebra of $n \times n$ complex matrices. We consider arbitrary subalgebras $\mathcal{A}$ of $M_n$ which contain the algebra of all upper-triangular matrices (i.e.\ block upper-triangular subalgebras), and their Jordan…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Ilja Gogić , Tatjana Petek , Mateo Tomašević

We study the conformal groups of Jordan algebras along the lines suggested by Kantor. They provide a natural generalization of the concept of conformal transformations that leave 2-angles invariant to spaces where "p-angles" can be defined.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-01 Murat Gunaydin

We propose a non-supersymmetric SU(5) model in which only the third family of fermions are unified. The model remedies the non-unification of the three Standard Model couplings in non-supersymmetric SU(5). It also provides a mechanism for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-11-26 Shreyashi Chakdar , Tianjun Li , S. Nandi , Santosh Kumar Rai

Exponential families are a particular class of statistical manifolds which are particularly important in statistical inference, and which appear very frequently in statistics. For example, the set of normal distributions, with mean {\mu}…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Mathieu Molitor

The inconsistence of Dirac-Weyl field equations with the universal U(1) gauge invariance of neutrinos in quantum mechanics led to generalize the special relativity to the generic relativity, which was composed of the special relativity and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Haigang Lu

We give a detailed description of the model construction procedures about our new approach to the family structure of the standard model. SM-like chiral fermion spectra, largely "derivable" from the gauge anomaly constraints, are formulated…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Otto C. W. Kong

Two novel frameworks for handling mathematical and physical problems are introduced. The first, the emerging Jordan form, generalizes the concept of the Jordan canonical form, a well-established tool of linear algebra. The second, dual…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Lawrence Liu

In this work, we present a trinification-based grand unified theory incorporating a global $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ family symmetry that after a spontaneous breaking leads to a left-right symmetric model. Already at the classical level, this model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-10-06 José Eliel Camargo-Molina , António P. Morais , Roman Pasechnik , Jonas Wessén

A pseudo-Riemannian manifold is said to be spacelike Jordan IP if the Jordan normal form of the skew-symmetric curvature operator depends upon the point of the manifold, but not upon the particular spacelike 2-plane in the tangent bundle at…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Iva Stavrov

In this work, we analyze two models beyond the Standard Models descriptions that make ad hoc hypotheses of three point-like lepton and quark generations without explanations of their physical origins. Instead of using the same Dirac…

General Physics · Physics 2023-08-31 Qiang Tang , Jau Tang

We give the presentation of exceptional bounded symmetric domains using the Albert algebra and exceptional Jordan triple systems. The first chapter is devoted to Cayley-Graves algebras, the second to exceptional Jordan triple systems. In…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2008-12-13 Guy Roos

The classification, up to isomorphism, of two-dimensional (not necessarily commutative) Jordan algebras over algebraically closed fields and $\mathbb{R}$ is presented in terms of their matrices of structure constants.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-12-10 H. Ahmed , U. Bekbaev , I. Rakhimov

The octonions are the largest of the four normed division algebras. While somewhat neglected due to their nonassociativity, they stand at the crossroads of many interesting fields of mathematics. Here we describe them and their relation to…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-09-28 John C. Baez

A complete classifications of two-dimensional general, commutative, commutative Jordan, division and evolution real algebras are given. In the case of evolution algebras their groups of automorphisms and derivation algebras are described as…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-12-04 U. Bekbaev

We study a seven-dimensional non-associative algebra, the \emph{exceptional Vidinli algebra}, defined by lifting the bilinear product introduced by H\"{u}seyin Tevfik Pasha (Vidinli) in 1882 from three to seven dimensions via the octonionic…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Olcay Coskun , Alp Eden