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In sequence-to-sequence Transformer ASR, autoregressive (AR) models achieve strong accuracy but suffer from slow decoding, while non-autoregressive (NAR) models enable parallel decoding at the cost of degraded performance. We propose a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Hao Yen , Pin-Jui Ku , Ante Jukić , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi

Recently, encoder-decoder neural networks have shown impressive performance on many sequence-related tasks. The architecture commonly uses an attentional mechanism which allows the model to learn alignments between the source and the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Real-time speech synthesis requires balancing inference latency and acoustic fidelity for interactive applications. Conventional continuous text-to-speech pipelines require computationally intensive neural vocoders to reconstruct phase…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Tianhui Su , Tien-Ping Tan , Salima Mdhaffar , Yannick Estève , Aghilas Sini

In this paper, we propose an efficient and accurate streaming speech recognition model based on the FastConformer architecture. We adapted the FastConformer architecture for streaming applications through: (1) constraining both the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vahid Noroozi , Somshubra Majumdar , Ankur Kumar , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Neural transducers have been widely used in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we introduce it to streaming end-to-end speech translation (ST), which aims to convert audio signals to texts in other languages directly.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Jian Xue , Peidong Wang , Jinyu Li , Matt Post , Yashesh Gaur

We introduce STAR (Stream Transduction with Anchor Representations), a novel Transformer-based model designed for efficient sequence-to-sequence transduction over streams. STAR dynamically segments input streams to create compressed anchor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Weiting Tan , Yunmo Chen , Tongfei Chen , Guanghui Qin , Haoran Xu , Heidi C. Zhang , Benjamin Van Durme , Philipp Koehn

Sequence generative models with RNN variants, such as LSTM, GRU, show promising performance on abstractive document summarization. However, they still have some issues that limit their performance, especially while deal-ing with long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Kamal Al-Sabahi , Zhang Zuping , Yang Kang

Due to the highly parallelizable architecture, Transformer is faster to train than RNN-based models and popularly used in machine translation tasks. However, at inference time, each output word requires all the hidden states of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Chengyi Wang , Shuangzhi Wu , Shujie Liu

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence automatic speech recognition (ASR) requires a significant delay to recognize long utterances because the output is generated after receiving entire input sequences. Although several studies recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Sashi Novitasari , Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Streaming end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are widely used on smart speakers and on-device applications. Since these models are expected to transcribe speech with minimal latency, they are constrained to be causal with…

For most of the attention-based sequence-to-sequence models, the decoder predicts the output sequence conditioned on the entire input sequence processed by the encoder. The asynchronous problem between the encoding and decoding makes these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-25 Zhengkun Tian , Jiangyan Yi , Ye Bai , Jianhua Tao , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen

Attention-based encoder-decoder architectures such as Listen, Attend, and Spell (LAS), subsume the acoustic, pronunciation and language model components of a traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) system into a single neural…

Transfer learning (TL) is widely used in conventional hybrid automatic speech recognition (ASR) system, to transfer the knowledge from source to target language. TL can be applied to end-to-end (E2E) ASR system such as recurrent neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-18 Vikas Joshi , Rui Zhao , Rupesh R. Mehta , Kshitiz Kumar , Jinyu Li

A stream attention framework has been applied to the posterior probabilities of the deep neural network (DNN) to improve the far-field automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance in the multi-microphone configuration. The stream…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-12-01 Xiaofei Wang , Yonghong Yan , Hynek Hermansky

Transformer-based models have emerged as a leading architecture for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation tasks. A fundamental element of the transformer architecture is self-attention, which allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Venmugil Elango

Automatic transcription of stuttered speech remains a challenge, even for modern end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) frameworks. Dysfluencies and fluency-shaping artifacts are often overlooked, resulting in non-verbatim…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-03 Kashaf Gulzar , Dominik Wagner , Sebastian P. Bayerl , Florian Hönig , Tobias Bocklet , Korbinian Riedhammer

In this work, we introduce a simple yet efficient post-processing model for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Our model has Transformer-based encoder-decoder architecture which "translates" ASR model output into grammatically and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Oleksii Hrinchuk , Mariya Popova , Boris Ginsburg

With the recent advances in technology, automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been widely used in real-world applications. The efficiency of converting large amounts of speech into text accurately with limited resources has become more…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-09 Yoo Rhee Oh , Kiyoung Park , Jeon Gyu Park

We introduce the Block Transformer which adopts hierarchical global-to-local modeling to autoregressive transformers to mitigate the inference bottlenecks associated with self-attention. Self-attention requires the key-value (KV) cache of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Namgyu Ho , Sangmin Bae , Taehyeon Kim , Hyunjik Jo , Yireun Kim , Tal Schuster , Adam Fisch , James Thorne , Se-Young Yun

Transformers have shown dominant performance across a range of domains including language and vision. However, their computational cost grows quadratically with the sequence length, making their usage prohibitive for resource-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yinghan Long , Sayeed Shafayet Chowdhury , Kaushik Roy