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We study degree spectra of structures with respect to the bi-embeddability relation. The bi-embeddability spectrum of a structure is the family of Turing degrees of its bi-embeddable copies. To facilitate our study we introduce the notions…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-04-03 Ekaterina Fokina , Dino Rossegger , Luca San Mauro

The minimum height of vertex and edge partition trees are well-studied graph parameters known as, for instance, vertex and edge ranking number. While they are NP-hard to determine in general, linear-time algorithms exist for trees.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Svein Høgemo , Benjamin Bergougnoux , Ulrik Brandes , Christophe Paul , Jan Arne Telle

We consider the problem of finding a subgraph of a given graph which maximizes a given function evaluated at its degree sequence. While the problem is intractable already for convex functions, we show that it can be solved in polynomial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Shmuel Onn

We consider random binary trees that appear as the output of certain standard algorithms for sorting and searching if the input is random. We introduce the subtree size metric on search trees and show that the resulting metric spaces…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-05-06 Rudolf Grübel

Generalizing stack sorting and $c$-sorting for permutations, we define the permutree sorting algorithm. Given two disjoint subsets $U$ and $D$ of $\{2, \dots, n-1\}$, the $(U,D)$-permutree sorting tries to sort the permutation $\pi \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-13 Vincent Pilaud , Viviane Pons , Daniel Tamayo Jiménez

We study connected graphs with a fixed degree sequence, in the sparse setting where the number of edges grows linearly in the number of vertices. Using the relation to the configuration model, we identify the number of such connected graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Sasha Bell , Serte Donderwinkel , Remco van der Hofstad

We study an abstract notion of tree structure which lies at the common core of various tree-like discrete structures commonly used in combinatorics: trees in graphs, order trees, nested subsets of a set, tree-decompositions of graphs and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Reinhard Diestel

We study the problem of whether all bipartite quantum states having a prescribed spectrum remain positive under the reduction map applied to one subsystem. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions, in the form of a family of linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-16 Maria Anastasia Jivulescu , Nicolae Lupa , Ion Nechita , David Reeb

For a labelled tree on the vertex set $[n]:=\{1,2,..., n\}$, define the direction of each edge $ij$ to be $i\to j$ if $i<j$. The indegree sequence of $T$ can be considered as a partition $\lambda \vdash n-1$. The enumeration of trees with a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-02 Rosena R. X. Du , Jingbin Yin

The aim of this paper is to improve the large deviation principle for the number of descents in a random permutation by establishing a sharp large deviation principle of any order. We shall also prove a sharp large deviation principle of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Bernard Bercu , Michel Bonnefont , Luis Fredes , Adrien Richou

Three standard subtree transfer operations for binary trees, used in particular for phylogenetic trees, are: tree bisection and reconnection ($TBR$), subtree prune and regraft ($SPR$) and rooted subtree prune and regraft ($rSPR$). For a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-03 Ross Atkins , Colin McDiarmid

We propose a second-order accurate method to estimate the eigenvectors of extremely large matrices thereby addressing a problem of relevance to statisticians working in the analysis of very large datasets. More specifically, we show that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-02-05 Noureddine El Karoui , Alexandre d'Aspremont

We study the crossing-minimization problem in a layered graph drawing of planar-embedded rooted trees whose leaves have a given total order on the first layer, which adheres to the embedding of each individual tree. The task is then to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Julia Katheder , Stephen G. Kobourov , Axel Kuckuk , Maximilian Pfister , Johannes Zink

Decision trees are renowned for their ability to achieve high predictive performance while remaining interpretable, especially on tabular data. Traditionally, they are constructed through recursive algorithms, where they partition the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yufan Zhuang , Liyuan Liu , Chandan Singh , Jingbo Shang , Jianfeng Gao

We consider large uniform random trees where we fix for each vertex its degree and height. We prove, under natural conditions of convergence for the profile, that those trees properly renormalized converge. To this end, we study the paths…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-06 Arthur Blanc-Renaudie , Emmanuel Kammerer

Given an undirected graph representing similarities between a set of items and an additive measure evaluating the items, we treat the position of a special subset of items in an ordinal ranking through a collection of combinatorial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Samuel Boardman

This paper is devoted to a systematic study of a class of binary trees encoding the structure of rational numbers both from arithmetic and dynamical point of view. The paper is divided into two parts. The first one is a critical review of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-05-16 Claudio Bonanno , Stefano Isola

We show that the theory of sorting by reversals fits into the well-established theory of circuit partitions of 4-regular multigraphs (which also involves the combinatorial structures of circle graphs and delta-matroids). In this way, we…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-27 Robert Brijder

For a tree $T$, let $lp(T)$ be the number of different lengths of leaf to leaf paths in $T$. For a degree sequence $s$ of a tree, let ${\rm rad}(s)$ be the minimum radius of a tree with degree sequence $s$. Recently, Di Braccio,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Dieter Rautenbach , Johannes Scherer , Florian Werner

We present a simple yet rigorous approach to the determination of the spectral dimension of random trees, based on the study of the massless limit of the Gaussian model on such trees. As a byproduct, we obtain evidence in favor of a new…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-11-26 C. Destri , L. Donetti