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Scattering equations for tree-level amplitudes are viewed in the context of string theory. As a result of the comparison we are led to define a new dual model which coincides with string theory in both the small and large $\alpha'$ limit,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 N. E. J Bjerrum-Bohr , P. H. Damgaard , P. Tourkine , P. Vanhove

Trees are partial orders in which every element has a linearly ordered set of predecessors. Here we initiate the exploration of the structural theory of trees with the study of different notions of \emph{branching in trees} and of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Valentin Goranko , Ruaan Kellerman , Alberto Zanardo

This paper addresses the following questions for a given tree $T$ and integer $d\geq2$: (1) What is the minimum number of degree-$d$ subtrees that partition $E(T)$? (2) What is the minimum number of degree-$d$ subtrees that cover $E(T)$? We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-08-20 David R. Wood

We consider large random trees under Gibbs distributions and prove a Large Deviation Principle (LDP) for the distribution of degrees of vertices of the tree. The LDP rate function is given explicitly. An immediate consequence is a Law of…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Yuri Bakhtin , Christine Heitsch

We define and investigate a sheaf of modules on the prime spectra of modules and it is shown that there is an isomorphism between the sections of this sheaf and the ideal transform module.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-05-08 D. Hassanzadeh-Lelekaami , H. Roshan-Shekalgourabi

Assume that we embed the path $P_n$ as a subgraph of a $2$-dimensional grid, namely, $P_k \times P_l$. Given such an embedding, we consider the ordered set of subpaths $L_1, L_2, \ldots , L_m$ which are maximal straight segments in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-23 Susana-Clara López , Francesc-Antoni Muntaner-Batle

We investigate the structure of trees that have greatest maximum eigenvalue among all trees with a given degree sequence. We show that in such an extremal tree the degree sequence is non-increasing with respect to an ordering of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-18 Tuerker Biyikoglu , Marc Hellmuth , Josef Leydold

Let k be a local field and let A be the two-by-two matrix algebra over k. In our previous work we developed a theory that allows the computation of the set of maximal orders in A containing a given suborder. This set is given as a sub-tree…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-23 Luis Arenas-Carmona , Claudio Bravo

Recently Kubica et al. (Inf. Process. Let., 2013) and Kim et al. (submitted to Theor. Comp. Sci.) introduced order-preserving pattern matching. In this problem we are looking for consecutive substrings of the text that have the same "shape"…

Tree trace reconstruction aims to learn the binary node labels of a tree, given independent samples of the tree passed through an appropriately defined deletion channel. In recent work, Davies, R\'acz, and Rashtchian used combinatorial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Tatiana Brailovskaya , Miklós Z. Rácz

We compare classes of finite relational structures via monadic second-order transductions. More precisely, we study the preorder where we set C \subseteq K if, and only if, there exists a transduction {\tau} such that C\subseteq{\tau}(K).…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-07-01 Achim Blumensath , Bruno Courcelle

We derive a message passing method for computing the spectra of locally tree-like networks and an approximation to it that allows us to compute closed-form expressions or fast numerical approximates for the spectral density of random graphs…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-04-19 M. E. J. Newman , Xiao Zhang , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

In this note we analyze the performance of a simple root-finding algorithm in uniform attachment trees. The leaf-stripping algorithm recursively removes all leaves of the tree for a carefully chosen number of rounds. We show that, with…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Louigi Addario-Berry , Anna Brandenberger , Simon Briend , Nicolas Broutin , Gábor Lugosi

Traditionally, reconfiguration problems ask the question whether a given solution of an optimization problem can be transformed to a target solution in a sequence of small steps that preserve feasibility of the intermediate solutions. In…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Mark de Berg , Bart M. P. Jansen , Debankur Mukherjee

This paper contains a classification of countable lower 1-transitive linear orders. The notion of lower 1-transitivity generalises that of 1-transitivity for linear orders, and is essential for the structure theory of 1-transitive trees.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-22 Silvia Barbina , Katie Chicot

The maximum common subtree isomorphism problem asks for the largest possible isomorphism between subtrees of two given input trees. This problem is a natural restriction of the maximum common subgraph problem, which is ${\sf NP}$-hard in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Andre Droschinsky , Nils M. Kriege , Petra Mutzel

This paper is concerned with a shape optimization problem, where the functional to be maximized describes the total sunlight collected by a distribution of tree leaves, minus the cost for transporting water and nutrient from the base of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Alberto Bressan , Sondre T. Galtung

We consider random Schr\"odinger operators on tree graphs and prove absolutely continuous spectrum at small disorder for two models. The first model is the usual binary tree with certain strongly correlated random potentials. These…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Richard Froese , David Hasler , Wolfgang Spitzer

Several structure-learning algorithms for staged trees, asymmetric extensions of Bayesian networks, have been proposed. However, these either do not scale efficiently as the number of variables considered increases, a priori restrict the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-15 Peter Strong , Jim Q. Smith

This article is dedicated to the following class of problems. Start with an $N\times N$ Hermitian matrix randomly picked from a matrix ensemble - the reference matrix. Applying a rank-$t$ perturbation to it, with $t$ taking the values $1\le…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-30 Barbara Dietz , Holger Schanz , Uzy Smilansky , Hans Weidenmüller