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Deep reinforcement learning has recently achieved strong results in quadrupedal locomotion, yet policies trained in simulation often fail to transfer when the environment changes. Evolutionary reinforcement learning aims to address this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Brian McAteer , Karl Mason

Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers have been widely used in the process industry. However, the satisfactory control performance of a PID controller depends strongly on the tuning parameters. Conventional PID tuning methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Myisha A. Chowdhury , Qiugang Lu

One of the most basic problems in reinforcement learning (RL) is policy evaluation: estimating the long-term return, i.e., value function, corresponding to a given fixed policy. The celebrated Temporal Difference (TD) learning algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Sreejeet Maity , Aritra Mitra

We consider off-policy policy evaluation with function approximation (FA) in average-reward MDPs, where the goal is to estimate both the reward rate and the differential value function. For this problem, bootstrapping is necessary and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Shangtong Zhang , Yi Wan , Richard S. Sutton , Shimon Whiteson

Discrete-action reinforcement learning algorithms often falter in tasks with high-dimensional discrete action spaces due to the vast number of possible actions. A recent advancement leverages value-decomposition, a concept from multi-agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 David Ireland , Giovanni Montana

We consider the core reinforcement-learning problem of on-policy value function approximation from a batch of trajectory data, and focus on various issues of Temporal Difference (TD) learning and Monte Carlo (MC) policy evaluation. The two…

Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm is one of the most well-known reinforcement learning methods. However, this method is inefficient and unstable in practical applications. On the other hand, the bias and variance of the Q…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Shuai Han , Wenbo Zhou , Shuai Lü , Jiayu Yu

In this work, we propose a novel cross Q-learning algorithm, aim at alleviating the well-known overestimation problem in value-based reinforcement learning methods, particularly in the deep Q-networks where the overestimation is exaggerated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Xing Wang , Alexander Vinel

Robot control using reinforcement learning has become popular, but its learning process generally terminates halfway through an episode for safety and time-saving reasons. This study addresses the problem of the most popular exception…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Taisuke Kobayashi

Reinforcement learning algorithms such as the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm (DDPG) has been widely used in continuous control tasks. However, the model-free DDPG algorithm suffers from high sample complexity. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Qingpeng Cai , Ling Pan , Pingzhong Tang

In actor-critic-based reinforcement learning algorithms such as Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient (TD3), insufficient exploration of the spatial space can result in suboptimal policies when controlling 7-DOF robotic arms. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Wen-Han Hsieh , Jen-Yuan Chang

We show that deep reinforcement learning algorithms can retain their ability to learn without resetting network parameters in settings where the number of gradient updates greatly exceeds the number of environment samples by combatting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Marcel Hussing , Claas Voelcker , Igor Gilitschenski , Amir-massoud Farahmand , Eric Eaton

Overestimation is a fundamental characteristic of model-free reinforcement learning (MF-RL), arising from the principles of temporal difference learning and the approximation of the Q-function. To address this challenge, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ukjo Hwang , Songnam Hong

Temporal difference (TD) learning is one of the main foundations of modern reinforcement learning. This paper studies the use of TD(0), a canonical TD algorithm, to estimate the value function of a given policy from a batch of data. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Brahma Pavse , Ishan Durugkar , Josiah Hanna , Peter Stone

In this paper, we propose actor-director-critic, a new framework for deep reinforcement learning. Compared with the actor-critic framework, the director role is added, and action classification and action evaluation are applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Zongwei Liu , Yonghong Song , Yuanlin Zhang

This paper aims to establish an entropy-regularized value-based reinforcement learning method that can ensure the monotonic improvement of policies at each policy update. Unlike previously proposed lower-bounds on policy improvement in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Lingwei Zhu , Takamitsu Matsubara

Deep Q-Networks algorithm (DQN) was the first reinforcement learning algorithm using deep neural network to successfully surpass human level performance in a number of Atari learning environments. However, divergent and unstable behaviour…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Adrian Ly , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Francisco Cruz , Sunil Aryal

The Q-learning algorithm is known to be affected by the maximization bias, i.e. the systematic overestimation of action values, an important issue that has recently received renewed attention. Double Q-learning has been proposed as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Rong Zhu , Mattia Rigotti

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms that estimate state and state-action value functions have been shown to be effective in a variety of challenging domains, including learning control strategies from raw image pixels. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Peter Jin , Kurt Keutzer , Sergey Levine

Value functions arise as a component of algorithms as well as performance metrics in statistics and engineering applications. Computation of the associated Bellman equations is numerically challenging in all but a few special cases. A…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Adithya M. Devraj , Sean P. Meyn