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High voltage breakdown in liquid argon is an important concern in the design of liquid argon time projection chambers, which are often used as neutrino and dark matter detectors. We have made systematic measurements of breakdown voltages in…
Highly energetic ultrashort electron bunches have the potential to reveal the ultrafast structural dynamics in relatively thicker in-liquid samples. However, direct current (DC) voltages higher than 100 kV are exponentially difficult to…
Conditioning of a metal structure in a high-voltage system is the progressive development of resistance to vacuum arcing over the operational life of the system. This is, for instance, seen during the initial operation of radio frequency…
The near threshold "soft breakdown" measurements of PVC films conductivity are investigated. In a wide range of external electric field strength for various rather thick (>20 mkm) PVC films the resistance shows strong nonlinearity and seems…
During operation, the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) of the LINAC4 at CERN is exposed to high electric fields, which can lead to vacuum breakdown. It is also subject to beam loss, which can cause surface modification, including…
The decay of the electrical energy in a resistor-vacuum capacitor circuit is shown to involve multiple relaxation processes, with dramatically different time constants. This is measured using a vacuum capacitor to eliminate the effect of a…
We characterized a sample of metal-oxide resistors and measured their breakdown voltage in liquid argon by applying high voltage (HV) pulses over a 3 second period. This test mimics the situation in a HV-divider chain when a breakdown…
In this paper we demonstrate the capability of high voltage varistors and gas discharge tube arrestors for use as surge protection devices in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. The insulating and clamping behavior of each type…
The requirement for low operational voltage in electrowetting devices, met using thin dielectrics, is usually connected with serious material failure issues. Dielectric breakdown (visible as electrolysis) is frequently evident slightly…
The resistivity of polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition diamond sensors is studied in samples exposed to fluences relevant to the environment of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. We measure the leakage current for a range of…
Vacuum electrical breakdowns, also known as vacuum arcs, are a limiting factor in many devices that are based on application of high electric fields near their component surfaces. Understanding of processes that lead to breakdown events may…
The dielectric response of materials underpins electronics and photonics. Established semiconductor materials have a narrow range of dielectric susceptibility, with low-frequency values on the order of 10. Strong and variable dielectric…
The resistivity of a superconductor in its normal state plays a critical role in determining its superconducting ground state. However, measuring the resistivity of a material under high pressure has long presented a significant technical…
High voltage insulators are widely deployed in power systems to isolate the live- and dead-part of overhead lines as well as to support the power line conductors mechanically. Permanent, secure and safe operation of power transmission lines…
Wetting behaviour of surfaces is believed to be affected by van der Waals (vdW) forces, however, there is no clear demonstration of this. With the isolation of two-dimensional vdW layered materials it is possible to test this hypothesis. In…
The resistivity of different films and structures containing fluorinated graphene (FG) flakes and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown graphene of various fluorination degrees under tensile and compressive strains due to bending…
The dynamical conductivity of interacting multiband electronic systems derived in Ref.[1] is shown to be consistent with the general form of the Ward identity. Using the semiphenomenological form of this conductivity formula, we have…
Understanding the microscopic phenomena behind vacuum arc ignition and generation is crucial for being able to control the breakdown rate, thus improving the effectiveness of many high-voltage applications where frequent breakdowns limit…
High temperature superconductivity is a property of doped antiferromagnetic insulators. The electronic structure is inhomogeneous on short length and time scales, and, as the temperature decreases, it evolves via two crossovers, before long…
The AC conductivity response in a broad frequency range of disordered materials is of great interest not only for technological applications, but also from a theoretical point of view. The Jonscher power exponent value, and its temperature…