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Osteoporosis is a common condition that increases fracture risk, especially in older adults. Early diagnosis is vital for preventing fractures, reducing treatment costs, and preserving mobility. However, healthcare providers face challenges…
Starch based scaffolds are considered as promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. In this study, a highly porous starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based nanocomposite scaffold with a gradient pore structure was made by incorporating…
Bone cement has been demonstrated as an essential restorative material in the orthopedic surgery. However current materials often imply unavoidable drawbacks, such as tissue-cement reaction induced thermal injuries and troublesome revision…
Certain biomaterials are capable of inducing the secretion of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) from cells exposed to their biochemical influence, which plays a vital role in stimulating angiogenesis. Looking for this capacity, in…
Substitutionally-doped 2D transition metal dichalcogenides are primed for next-generation device applications such as field effect transistors (FET), sensors, and optoelectronic circuits. In this work, we demonstrate substitutional Rhenium…
A fundamental challenge in soft material design is the competition between rigidity and dynamicity, as stiffening mechanisms typically suppress energy dissipation. Here, we demonstrate that starch granules serve as instructive scaffolds…
Neurological injuries and age-related decline can impair sensory processing and disrupt motor coordination, gait, and balance. As mechanisms of neuroplasticity have become better understood, vibration-based interventions have gained…
Magnesium alloys have been considered to be favorable biodegradable metallic materials used in orthopedic and cardiovascular applications. We introduce NH+2 to the AZ31 Mg alloy surface by ion implantation at the energy of 50 KeV with doses…
Some implants have approximately a lifetime of 15 years. The femoral stem, for example, should be made of 316L/316LN stainless steel. Fretting corrosion, friction under small displacements, should occur during human gait, due to repeated…
The use of bioceramics as hard tissue substitutes is extensive due to their excellent biocompatible and osteogenic behaviors. Among various bioceramics, Ca-Mg silicates are unique from the viewpoints of osteoinductive and mechanical…
Bone remodeling involves the coordinated removal of bone by osteoclasts and addition of bone by osteoblasts, a process that is modulated by the prevailing mechanical environment. In this paper a fully coupled model of bone remodeling is…
Bacteria produce a range of proteolytic enzymes, for which a number human equivalent or structurally similar examples exist and the primary focus of this study was to analyse the published literature to find proteolytic enzymes,…
The fast degradation of collagen-based membranes in the biological environment remains a critical challenge, resulting in underperforming Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) therapy leading to compromised clinical results. Photoactive…
Brain-inspired learning mechanisms, e.g. spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP), enable agile and fast on-the-fly adaptation capability in a spiking neural network. When incorporating emerging nanoscale resistive non-volatile memory (NVM)…
Osteoporosis can be identified by looking at 2D x-ray images of the bone. The high degree of similarity between images of a healthy bone and a diseased one makes classification a challenge. A good bone texture characterization technique is…
Natural hard composites like human bone possess a combination of strength and toughness that exceeds that of their constituents and of many engineered composites. This augmentation is attributed to their complex hierarchical structure,…
Osteoporosis is a well recognized problem affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Consequently, the need to effectively, efficiently, and affordably diagnose and identify those at risk is essential; moreover, site-specific assessment…
Irregular bone remodeling is associated with a number of bone diseases such as osteoporosis and multiple myeloma. Computational and mathematical modeling can aid in therapy and treatment as well as understanding fundamental biology.…
Calibrating and verifying crystal plasticity material models is a significant challenge, particularly for materials with a number of potential slip and twin systems. Here we use digital image correlation on coarse-grained $\alpha$-uranium…
Human motion is fundamentally driven by continuous physical interaction with the environment. Whether walking, running, or simply standing, the forces exchanged between our feet and the ground provide crucial insights for understanding and…