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Building autonomous machines that can explore open-ended environments, discover possible interactions and build repertoires of skills is a general objective of artificial intelligence. Developmental approaches argue that this can only be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Cédric Colas , Tristan Karch , Olivier Sigaud , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents are particularly hard to train when rewards are sparse. One common solution is to use intrinsic rewards to encourage agents to explore their environment. However, recent intrinsic exploration methods often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Jesse Mu , Victor Zhong , Roberta Raileanu , Minqi Jiang , Noah Goodman , Tim Rocktäschel , Edward Grefenstette

Reinforcement learning has been shown to be highly successful at many challenging tasks. However, success heavily relies on well-shaped rewards. Intrinsically motivated RL attempts to remove this constraint by defining an intrinsic reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Rui Zhao , Yang Gao , Pieter Abbeel , Volker Tresp , Wei Xu

In this paper we study how transforming regular reinforcement learning environments into goal-conditioned environments can let agents learn to solve tasks autonomously and reward-free. We show that an agent can learn to solve tasks by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hampus Åström , Elin Anna Topp , Jacek Malec

We introduce AMAGO, an in-context Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent that uses sequence models to tackle the challenges of generalization, long-term memory, and meta-learning. Recent works have shown that off-policy learning can make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Jake Grigsby , Linxi Fan , Yuke Zhu

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of autotelic Reinforcement Learning (RL), emphasizing the role of intrinsic motivations in the open-ended formation of skill repertoires. We delineate the distinctions between knowledge-based and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Prakhar Srivastava , Jasmeet Singh

Reward design is a critical part of the application of reinforcement learning, the performance of which strongly depends on how well the reward signal frames the goal of the designer and how well the signal assesses progress in reaching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Yixiang Wang , Yujing Hu , Feng Wu , Yingfeng Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) is one of the three basic paradigms of machine learning. It has demonstrated impressive performance in many complex tasks like Go and StarCraft, which is increasingly involved in smart manufacturing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Mingqi Yuan

Humans generally use natural language to communicate task requirements to each other. Ideally, natural language should also be usable for communicating goals to autonomous machines (e.g., robots) to minimize friction in task specification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Li Zhou , Kevin Small

Advancements in reinforcement learning (RL) have been remarkable in recent years. However, the limitations of traditional training methods have become increasingly evident, particularly in meta-RL settings where agents face new, unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Ramnath Kumar , Tristan Deleu , Yoshua Bengio

Reinforcement learning is a promising framework for solving control problems, but its use in practical situations is hampered by the fact that reward functions are often difficult to engineer. Specifying goals and tasks for autonomous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Justin Fu , Anoop Korattikara , Sergey Levine , Sergio Guadarrama

Reinforcement learning (RL) -- algorithms that teach artificial agents to interact with environments by maximising reward signals -- has achieved significant success in recent years. These successes have been facilitated by advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Llewyn Salt , Marcus Gallagher

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in various decision-making tasks of machine learning provides effective results with an agent learning from a stand-alone reward function. However, it presents unique challenges with large amounts of environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Neda Navidi

The challenge of developing powerful and general Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents has received increasing attention in recent years. Much of this effort has focused on the single-agent setting, in which an agent maximizes a predefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Peter Sunehag , Edward Hughes , Hongyuan Zha

Many relevant tasks require an agent to reach a certain state, or to manipulate objects into a desired configuration. For example, we might want a robot to align and assemble a gear onto an axle or insert and turn a key in a lock. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Carlos Florensa , David Held , Markus Wulfmeier , Michael Zhang , Pieter Abbeel

Autonomous reinforcement learning agents, like children, do not have access to predefined goals and reward functions. They must discover potential goals, learn their own reward functions and engage in their own learning trajectory.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Nicolas Lair , Cédric Colas , Rémy Portelas , Jean-Michel Dussoux , Peter Ford Dominey , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Designing rewards for Reinforcement Learning (RL) is challenging because it needs to convey the desired task, be efficient to optimize, and be easy to compute. The latter is particularly problematic when applying RL to robotics, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Yiming Ding , Carlos Florensa , Mariano Phielipp , Pieter Abbeel

Continually solving new, unsolved tasks is the key to learning diverse behaviors. Through reinforcement learning (RL), we have made massive strides towards solving tasks that have a single goal. However, in the multi-task domain, where an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Yunzhi Zhang , Pieter Abbeel , Lerrel Pinto

Imitation learning in a high-dimensional environment is challenging. Most inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) methods fail to outperform the demonstrator in such a high-dimensional environment, e.g., Atari domain. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Xingrui Yu , Yueming Lyu , Ivor W. Tsang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in fields like robotics and autonomous driving, but adversarial attacks designed to mislead RL systems remain challenging. Existing approaches often rely on modifying the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Junyong Jiang , Buwei Tian , Chenxing Xu , Songze Li , Lu Dong
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