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Large batch size training of Neural Networks has been shown to incur accuracy loss when trained with the current methods. The exact underlying reasons for this are still not completely understood. Here, we study large batch size training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Zhewei Yao , Amir Gholami , Qi Lei , Kurt Keutzer , Michael W. Mahoney

The performance of neural network classifiers is determined by a number of hyperparameters, including learning rate, batch size, and depth. A number of attempts have been made to explore these parameters in the literature, and at times, to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-13 Thomas M. Breuel

Distributed implementations of mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) suffer from communication overheads, attributed to the high frequency of gradient updates inherent in small-batch training. Training with large batches can reduce…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-12 Lingjiao Chen , Hongyi Wang , Jinman Zhao , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Paraschos Koutris

We investigate the dynamical and convergent properties of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) applied to Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Characterizing the relation between learning rate, batch size and the properties of the final minima, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Stanisław Jastrzębski , Zachary Kenton , Devansh Arpit , Nicolas Ballas , Asja Fischer , Yoshua Bengio , Amos Storkey

The mechanisms by which certain training interventions, such as increasing learning rates and applying batch normalization, improve the generalization of deep networks remains a mystery. Prior works have speculated that "flatter" solutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Simran Kaur , Jeremy Cohen , Zachary C. Lipton

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is often applied to train Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), and research efforts have been devoted to investigate the convergent dynamics of SGD and minima found by SGD. The influencing factors identified in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Victor Luo , Yazhen Wang

Stochastic gradient descent~(SGD) and its variants have been the dominating optimization methods in machine learning. Compared to SGD with small-batch training, SGD with large-batch training can better utilize the computational power of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-16 Shen-Yi Zhao , Chang-Wei Shi , Yin-Peng Xie , Wu-Jun Li

Commonly used optimization algorithms often show a trade-off between good generalization and fast training times. For instance, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) tends to have good generalization; however, adaptive gradient methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Aditya Cowsik , Tankut Can , Paolo Glorioso

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) based training of neural networks with a large learning rate or a small batch-size typically ends in well-generalizing, flat regions of the weight space, as indicated by small eigenvalues of the Hessian of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-24 Stanisław Jastrzębski , Zachary Kenton , Nicolas Ballas , Asja Fischer , Yoshua Bengio , Amos Storkey

The generalization performance of a machine learning algorithm such as a neural network depends in a non-trivial way on the structure of the data distribution. To analyze the influence of data structure on test loss dynamics, we study an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-16 Blake Bordelon , Cengiz Pehlevan

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM), in which a momentum term is added to SGD, has been well studied in both theory and practice. The theoretical studies show that the settings of the learning rate and momentum weight affect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Keisuke Kamo , Hideaki Iiduka

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is almost ubiquitously used for training non-convex optimization tasks. Recently, a hypothesis proposed by Keskar et al. [2017] that large batch methods tend to converge to sharp minimizers has received…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 Xiaowu Dai , Yuhua Zhu

The most straightforward method to accelerate Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) computation is to distribute the randomly selected batch of inputs over multiple processors. To keep the distributed processors fully utilized requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Zhewei Yao , Amir Gholami , Daiyaan Arfeen , Richard Liaw , Joseph Gonzalez , Kurt Keutzer , Michael Mahoney

While stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and variants have been surprisingly successful for training deep nets, several aspects of the optimization dynamics and generalization are still not well understood. In this paper, we present new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Xinyan Li , Qilong Gu , Yingxue Zhou , Tiancong Chen , Arindam Banerjee

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) forms the core optimization method for deep neural networks. While some theoretical progress has been made, it still remains unclear why SGD leads the learning dynamics in overparameterized networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Mingwei Wei , David J Schwab

When training neural networks, it has been widely observed that a large step size is essential in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for obtaining superior models. However, the effect of large step sizes on the success of SGD is not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian Stich

Understanding when the noise in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) affects generalization of deep neural networks remains a challenge, complicated by the fact that networks can operate in distinct training regimes. Here we study how the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Antonio Sclocchi , Mario Geiger , Matthieu Wyart

The performance of mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) strongly depends on setting the batch size and learning rate to minimize the empirical loss in training the deep neural network. In this paper, we present theoretical analyses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Hikaru Umeda , Hideaki Iiduka

When using large-batch training to speed up stochastic gradient descent, learning rates must adapt to new batch sizes in order to maximize speed-ups and preserve model quality. Re-tuning learning rates is resource intensive, while fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Tyler B. Johnson , Pulkit Agrawal , Haijie Gu , Carlos Guestrin

We study the impact of the batch size $n_b$ on the iteration time $T$ of training two-layer neural networks with one-pass stochastic gradient descent (SGD) on multi-index target functions of isotropic covariates. We characterize the optimal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-06 Luca Arnaboldi , Yatin Dandi , Florent Krzakala , Bruno Loureiro , Luca Pesce , Ludovic Stephan
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