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We introduce a special class of powerful $p$-groups that we call powerfully nilpotent groups that are finite $p$-groups that possess a central series of a special kind. To these we can attach the notion of a powerful nilpotence class that…

Let $G$ be a finite group and $P\in Syl_p(G)$. We denote the $k$'th term of the upper central series of $G$ by $Z_k(G)$ and the norm of $G$ by $Z^*(G)$. In this article, we prove that if for every tame intersection $P\cap Q$ such that…

For every prime p we give infinitely many examples of torsors under abelian varieties over Q that are locally trivial but not divisible by p in the Weil-Ch\^atelet group. We also give an example of a locally trivial torsor under an elliptic…

For a group $ G $ we consider its tensor square $G \otimes G$ and exterior square $G \wedge G$. We prove that for a circularly orderable group $G$, under some assumptions on $H_1(G)$ and $H_2(G)$, its exterior square and tensor square are…

It is known, that for every elliptic curve over Q there exists a quadratic extension in which the rank does not go up. For a large class of elliptic curves, the same is known with the rank replaced by the 2-Selmer group. We show, however,…

Here we show that a finite nilpotent group is 2-closed if and only if it is either cyclic or a direct product of a generalized quaternion group with a cyclic group of odd order.

Finite non-abelian non-metacyclic $2$-generated $p$-groups (${p>2}$) of nilpotency class $2$ with cyclic commutator subgroup which are the additive groups of local nearrings are described. It is shown that the subgroup of all non-invertible…

Let $p$ be a prime number and suppose that every maximal subgroup of a finite group is either $p$-nilpotent or has prime index. Such group need not be $p$-solvable, and we study its structure by proving that only one nonabelian simple group…

Let $G$ be a group and $g$ a non-trivial element in $G$. If some non-empty finite product of conjugates of $g$ equals to the identity, then $g$ is called a generalized torsion element. The minimum number of conjugates in such a product is…

It is a longstanding conjecture that for a finite group $G$, the exponent of the second homology group $H_2(G, \mathbb{Z})$ divides the exponent of $G$. In this paper, we prove this conjecture for $p$-groups of class at most $p$, finite…

In this manuscript, a solution to Problem 18.91(b) in the Kourovka Notebook is given by proving the following theorem. Let $P$ be a Sylow $p$-subgroup of a group $G$ with $|P| = p^n$. Suppose that there is an integer $k$ such that $1 < k <…

We prove that if $p$ is an odd prime, $G$ is a solvable group, and the average value of the irreducible characters of $G$ whose degrees are not divisible by $p$ is strictly less than $2(p+1)/(p+3)$, then $G$ is $p$-nilpotent. We show that…

We consider the quotient group $T(G)$ of the multiple holomorph by the holomorph of a finite $p$-group $G$ of class two for an odd prime $p$. By work of the first-named author, we know that $T(G)$ contains a cyclic subgroup of order…

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over a quartic field $K$. By the Mordell-Weil theorem, $E(K)$ is a finitely generated group. We determine all the possibilities for the torsion group $E(K)_{tor}$ where $K$ ranges over all quartic fields $K$ and…

Given an elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$ with torsion subgroup $G = E(\mathbb{Q})_{\rm tors}$ we study what groups (up to isomorphism) can occur as the torsion subgroup of $E$ base-extended to $K$, a degree 6 extension of $\mathbb{Q}$. We…

For $G$ a finite group, let $d_2(G)$ denote the proportion of triples $(x, y, z) \in G^3$ such that $[x, y, z] = 1$. We determine the structure of finite groups $G$ such that $d_2(G)$ is bounded away from zero: if $d_2(G) \geq \epsilon >…

In Part I it was shown that if G is a p-group of class k, generated by elements of orders 1<p^{alpha_1} <= ... <= p^{alpha_r}, then a necessary condition for the capability of G is that r>1 and alpha_r <= alpha_{r-1} + [(k-1)/(p-1)]. It was…

We give an infinite family of non-abelian strongly real Beauville $p$-groups for any odd prime $p$ by considering the lower central quotients of the free product of two cyclic groups of order $p$. This is the first known infinite family of…

We address the type I dichotomy for two-step nilpotent locally compact groups. Invoking work of Baggett-Kleppner, we characterize the closed points of the unitary dual of such a group $G$ purely in terms of the group structure. An algebraic…

Let p > 2 be a prime number and let N be any rational integer. We consider the p-class groups Cl(L), Cl(M) of the fields $L:=Q(N^{1/p})$ and $M:=Q(N^{1/p},\mu_p)$, by comparison with the p-torsion groups T(L) and T(M) of the abelian…