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Graph generation poses a significant challenge as it involves predicting a complete graph with multiple nodes and edges based on simply a given label. This task also carries fundamental importance to numerous real-world applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Xiandong Zou , Xiangyu Zhao , Pietro Liò , Yiren Zhao

Generative AI has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery. Yet, despite recent advances in deep learning, existing models cannot generate molecules that satisfy all desired physicochemical properties. Herein, we describe IDOLpro, a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Amit Kadan , Kevin Ryczko , Erika Lloyd , Adrian Roitberg , Takeshi Yamazaki

Machine learning in drug discovery has been focused on virtual screening of molecular libraries using discriminative models. Generative models are an entirely different approach that learn to represent and optimize molecules in a continuous…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-17 Matthew Ragoza , Tomohide Masuda , David Ryan Koes

Generative models that can model and predict sequences of future events can, in principle, learn to capture complex real-world phenomena, such as physical interactions. However, a central challenge in video prediction is that the future is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Manoj Kumar , Mohammad Babaeizadeh , Dumitru Erhan , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine , Laurent Dinh , Durk Kingma

The graph neural network (GNN) has been a powerful deep-learning tool in chemistry domain, due to its close connection with molecular graphs. Most GNN models collect and update atom and molecule features from the fed atom (and, in some…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-03-18 Yeji Kim , Yoonho Jeong , Jihoo Kim , Eok Kyun Lee , Won June Kim , Insung S. Choi

Generating novel graph structures that optimize given objectives while obeying some given underlying rules is fundamental for chemistry, biology and social science research. This is especially important in the task of molecular graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Jiaxuan You , Bowen Liu , Rex Ying , Vijay Pande , Jure Leskovec

Accurate prediction of molecular properties is essential in drug discovery and related fields. However, existing graph neural networks (GNNs) often struggle to simultaneously capture both local and global molecular structures. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 XiaYu Liu , Chao Fan , Yang Liu , Hou-biao Li

Flow-based generative models, conceptually attractive due to tractability of both the exact log-likelihood computation and latent-variable inference, and efficiency of both training and sampling, has led to a number of impressive empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Xuezhe Ma , Xiang Kong , Shanghang Zhang , Eduard Hovy

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is essential for various scientific domains but computationally expensive. Learning-based force fields have made significant progress in accelerating ab-initio MD simulation but are not fast enough for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xiang Fu , Tian Xie , Nathan J. Rebello , Bradley D. Olsen , Tommi Jaakkola

Existing rectified flow models are based on linear trajectories between data and noise distributions. This linearity enforces zero curvature, which can inadvertently force the image generation process through low-probability regions of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yan Luo , Drake Du , Hao Huang , Yi Fang , Mengyu Wang

Mass spectrometry (MS) stands as a cornerstone analytical technique for molecular identification, yet de novo structure elucidation from spectra remains challenging due to the combinatorial complexity of chemical space and the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jianan Nie , Peng Gao

In genome-scale constraint-based metabolic models, gene deletion strategies are essential for achieving growth-coupled production, where cell growth and target metabolite synthesis occur simultaneously. Despite the inherently networked…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-10 Ziwei Yang , Takeyuki Tamura

Recent data-efficient molecular generation approaches exploit graph grammars to introduce interpretability into the generative models. However, grammar learning therein relies on expert annotation or unreliable heuristics for algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Weize Yuan , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

Deep generative models provide a promising approach to de novo 3D peptide design. Most of them jointly model the distributions of peptide's position, orientation, and conformation, attempting to simultaneously converge to the target pocket.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-04 Dengdeng Huang , Shikui Tu

Accurately predicting molecular properties is a challenging but essential task in drug discovery. Recently, many mono-modal deep learning methods have been successfully applied to molecular property prediction. However, the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Xiaohua Lu , Liangxu Xie , Lei Xu , Rongzhi Mao , Shan Chang , Xiaojun Xu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools to accurately predict materials and molecular properties in computational discovery pipelines. In this article, we exploit the invertible nature of these neural networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Félix Therrien , Edward H. Sargent , Oleksandr Voznyy

Diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance in generating realistic objects and have been successfully applied to images, text, and videos. Recent work has shown that diffusion can also be defined on graphs, including graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Alex M. Tseng , Nathaniel Diamant , Tommaso Biancalani , Gabriele Scalia

Finding a suitable layout represents a crucial task for diverse applications in graphic design. Motivated by simpler and smoother sampling trajectories, we explore the use of Flow Matching as an alternative to current diffusion-based layout…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Julian Jorge Andrade Guerreiro , Naoto Inoue , Kento Masui , Mayu Otani , Hideki Nakayama

Generating new molecules is fundamental to advancing critical applications such as drug discovery and material synthesis. Flows can generate molecules effectively by inverting the encoding process, however, existing flow models either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yogesh Verma , Samuel Kaski , Markus Heinonen , Vikas Garg

Graph generation is a fundamental task with broad applications, such as drug discovery. Recently, discrete flow matching-based graph generation, \aka, graph flow model (GFM), has emerged due to its superior performance and flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Baoheng Zhu , Deyu Bo , Delvin Ce Zhang , Xiao Wang
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