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Webs give a diagrammatic calculus for spaces of tensor invariants. We introduce hourglass plabic graphs as a new avatar of webs, and use these to give the first rotation-invariant $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_4)$-web basis, a long-sought object. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Christian Gaetz , Oliver Pechenik , Stephan Pfannerer , Jessica Striker , Joshua P. Swanson

We define and study the category of symmetric $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-webs. This category is a combinatorial description of the category of all finite dimensional quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-modules. Explicitly, we show that (the additive closure…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-09-11 David E. V. Rose , Daniel Tubbenhauer

In this paper we present new results for the combinatorics of web diagrams and web worlds. These are discrete objects that arise in the physics of calculating scattering amplitudes in non-abelian gauge theories. Web-colouring and web-mixing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-07 Mark Dukes , Chris D. White

We introduce a new rotation-invariant web basis for a family of Specht modules $S^{(d^3, 1^{n-3d})}$, indexed by normal plabic graphs satisfying a degree condition and resembling $A_2$ webs. We show that the $\mathfrak{S}_n$ action on our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-26 Jesse Kim

We present an abstract framework for the axiomatic study of diagram algebras. Algebras that fit this framework possess analogues of both the Murphy and seminormal bases of the Hecke algebras of the symmetric groups. We show that the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-29 Christopher Bowman , John Enyang , Frederick Goodman

We compare two natural bases for the invariant space of a tensor product of irreducible representations of A_2, or sl(3). One basis is the web basis, defined from a skein theory called the combinatorial A_2 spider. The other basis is the…

q-alg · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mikhail Khovanov , Greg Kuperberg

We derive a formula for the entries in the change-of-basis matrix between Young's seminormal and natural representations of the symmetric group. These entries are determined as sums over weighted paths in the weak Bruhat graph on standard…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Sam Armon , Tom Halverson

The topology of $SU(3)$-representation varieties of the fundamental groups of planar webs so that the meridians are sent to matrices with trace equal to $-1$ are explored, and compared to data coming from spider evaluation of the webs.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Charles Frohman

In our companion paper, we develop a new $SL_4$-web basis. Basis elements are given by certain planar graphs and are constructed so that important algebraic operations can be performed diagrammatically. A guiding principle behind our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Christian Gaetz , Oliver Pechenik , Stephan Pfannerer , Jessica Striker , Joshua P. Swanson

We formulate a higher-rank version of the boundary measurement map for weighted planar bipartite networks in the disk. It sends a network to a linear combination of SL$_r$-webs, and is built upon the r-fold dimer model on the network. When…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Chris Fraser , Thomas Lam , Ian Le

Web graphs form a family of planar directed graphs with boundary that can be used to model quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-invariant vectors. Standard Young tableaux on an $n \times k$ rectangle naturally index a basis for $\mathfrak{sl}_n$ web…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Lucas Adams Cowan , Ronja Eilfort , Kerry Seekamp , Julianna Tymoczko

We explore a novel type of transition in certain 6D and 4D quantum field theories, in which the matter content of the theory changes while the gauge group and other parts of the spectrum remain invariant. Such transitions can occur, for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-05-04 Lara B. Anderson , James Gray , Nikhil Raghuram , Washington Taylor

We define $2n$-multiwebs on planar graphs and discuss their relation with $\mathrm{Sp}(2n)$-webs. On a planar graph with a symplectic local system we define a matrix whose Pfaffian is the sum of traces of $2n$-multiwebs. As application we…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-06 Richard Kenyon , Haihan Wu

Compound graphs are networks in which vertices can be grouped into larger subsets, with these subsets capable of further grouping, resulting in a nesting that can be many levels deep. In several applications, including biological workflows,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Chang Han , Justin Lieffers , Clayton Morrison , Katherine E. Isaacs

Patterns often appear in a variety of large, real-world networks, and interesting physical phenomena are often explained by network topology as in the case of the bow-tie structure of the World Wide Web, or the small world phenomenon in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Corey Pennycuff , Tim Weninger

We introduce SignNet and BasisNet -- new neural architectures that are invariant to two key symmetries displayed by eigenvectors: (i) sign flips, since if $v$ is an eigenvector then so is $-v$; and (ii) more general basis symmetries, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Derek Lim , Joshua Robinson , Lingxiao Zhao , Tess Smidt , Suvrit Sra , Haggai Maron , Stefanie Jegelka

Much of the past work in network analysis has focused on analyzing discrete graphs, where binary edges represent the "presence" or "absence" of a relationship. Since traditional network measures (e.g., betweenness centrality) utilize a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-04-05 Joseph J. Pfeiffer , Jennifer Neville

We give an explicit graded cellular basis of the $\mathfrak{sl}_3$-web algebra $K_S$. In order to do this, we identify Kuperberg's basis for the $\mathfrak{sl}_3$-web space $W_S$ with a version of Leclerc-Toffin's intermediate crystal basis…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2015-01-19 Daniel Tubbenhauer

Let G be a simple algebraic group. Labelled trivalent graphs called webs can be used to product invariants in tensor products of minuscule representations. For each web, we construct a configuration space of points in the affine…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2019-09-16 Bruce Fontaine , Joel Kamnitzer , Greg Kuperberg

In graph learning, maps between graphs and their subgraphs frequently arise. For instance, when coarsening or rewiring operations are present along the pipeline, one needs to keep track of the corresponding nodes between the original and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Marco Pegoraro , Riccardo Marin , Arianna Rampini , Simone Melzi , Luca Cosmo , Emanuele Rodolà