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The potential of tidal disruption of stars to probe otherwise quiescent supermassive black holes cannot be exploited, if their dynamics is not fully understood. So far, the observational appearance of these events has been derived from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-12-02 Clément Bonnerot , Elena M. Rossi , Giuseppe Lodato , Daniel J. Price

When debris from a star that experienced a tidal disruption events (TDE) after passing too close to a massive black hole returns to pericenter on the second passage, it is compressed, leading to the formation of nozzle shocks (in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-08 Fangyi Fitz Hu , Ilya Mandel , Rebecca Nealon , Daniel J. Price

In the centers of galaxies, stars that orbit supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) can undergo tidal disruptions due to the Lidov-Kozai mechanism. Nevertheless, most previous researches have predominantly focused on full tidal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-05 Xiao-Jun Wu , Ye-Fei Yuan , Yan Luo , Wenbin Lin

We present fundamental scaling relationships between properties of the optical/UV light curves of tidal disruption events (TDEs) and the mass of the black hole that disrupted the star. We have uncovered these relations from the late-time…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-19 Andrew Mummery , Sjoert van Velzen , Edward Nathan , Adam Ingram , Erica Hammerstein , Ludovic Fraser-Taliente , Steven Balbus

Tidal disruption events\,(TDEs) provide a valuable probe in studying the dynamics of stars in the nuclear environments of galaxies. Recent observations show that TDEs are strongly overrepresented in post-starburst or "green valley"…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-01 Mengye Wang , Yiqiu Ma , Qingwen Wu , Ning Jiang

After the destruction of the star during a tidal disruption event (TDE), the cataclysmic encounter between a star and the supermassive black hole (SMBH) of a galaxy, approximately half of the original stellar debris falls back onto the hole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-01-15 Eric R. Coughlin , Mitchell C. Begelman

Stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) are typically discovered by transient emission due to accretion or shocks of the stellar debris. Yet this luminous flare can be reprocessed by gas or dust that inhabits a galactic nucleus, resulting in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-27 Sjoert van Velzen , Dheeraj R. Pasham , Stefanie Komossa , Lin Yan , Erin A. Kara

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star enters the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). If the star only grazes the tidal radius, a fraction of the stellar mass will be accreted in a partial TDE (pTDE). The remainder…

Tidal disruption events (TDEs), in which stars are gravitationally disrupted as they pass close to the supermassive black holes in the centres of galaxies, are potentially important probes of strong gravity and accretion physics. Most TDEs…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-10 C. Tadhunter , R. Spence , M. Rose , J. Mullaney , P. Crowther

We study partial tidal disruption and present a quantitative analysis of the orbital dynamics of the remnant self-bound core. We perform smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations to show that partial disruption of a star due to the tidal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-10 Pritam Banerjee , Debojyoti Garain , Shaswata Chowdhury , Dhananjay Singh , Rohan Joshi , Tapobrata Sarkar

During the tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole (BH) of mass MBH <~ 10^7 Msun, stellar debris falls back to the BH at a rate well above the Eddington rate. A fraction of this gas is subsequently blown away from the BH,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Linda E. Strubbe , Eliot Quataert

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star is destroyed by a supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy, temporarily increasing the accretion rate onto the black hole and producing a bright flare across the electromagnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-23 A. J. Goodwin , S. van Velzen , J. C. A. Miller-Jones , A. Mummery , M. F. Bietenholz , A. Wederfoort , E. Hammerstein , C. Bonnerot , J. Hoffmann , L. Yan

Stars grazing supermassive black holes (SMBHs) on bound orbits may survive tidal disruption, causing periodic flares. Inspired by the recent discovery of the periodic nuclear transient ASASSN-14ko, a promising candidate for a repeating…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-11 Chang Liu , Brenna Mockler , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Ricardo Yarza , Jamie A. P. Law-Smith , Smadar Naoz , Denyz Melchor , Sanaea Rose

Tidal disruption of main sequence stars by black holes has generally been thought to lead to a signal dominated by UV emission. If, however, the black hole spins rapidly and the poloidal magnetic field intensity on the black hole horizon is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Julian H. Krolik , Tsvi Piran

We run a suite of hydrodynamics simulations of tidal disruption events (TDEs) of a white dwarf (WD) by a black hole (BH) with a wide range of WD/BH masses and orbital parameters. We implement nuclear reactions to study nucleosynthesis and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-25 Kojiro Kawana , Ataru Tanikawa , Naoki Yoshida

The tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole is expected to yield a luminous flare of thermal emission. About two dozen of these stellar tidal disruption flares (TDFs) may have been detected in optical transient surveys. However,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-01-11 Sjoert van Velzen

Accretion of stars on massive black holes (MBHs) can feed MBHs and generate tidal disruption events (TDEs). We introduce a new physically motivated model to self-consistently treat TDEs in cosmological simulations, and apply it to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-25 Hugo Pfister , Jane Dai , Marta Volonteri , Katie Auchettl , Maxime Trebitsch , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

The rate of tidal disruption events (TDEs) can vary by orders of magnitude depending on the environment and the mechanism that launches the stars towards the black hole's vicinity. For the largest rates, two disruptions can take place…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-23 Clément Bonnerot , Elena M. Rossi

A popular class of models for interpreting quasi-periodic X-ray eruptions from galactic nuclei (QPEs) invoke collisions between an object on an extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) and an accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. There…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-01 Andrew Mummery

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) have traditionally been discovered in optical sky surveys through targeted searches of nuclear transients. However, it is expected that some TDEs will occur outside the galaxy nucleus, arising from wandering…