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This work investigates the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) method combined with dedicated heuristics for solving the Weighted Vertex Coloring Problem. In addition to the basic MCTS algorithm, we study several MCTS variants where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Cyril Grelier , Olivier Goudet , Jin-Kao Hao

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has improved the performance of game engines in domains such as Go, Hex, and general game playing. MCTS has been shown to outperform classic alpha-beta search in games where good heuristic evaluations are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-06-23 Marc Lanctot , Mark H. M. Winands , Tom Pepels , Nathan R. Sturtevant

Tree search-based methods have made significant progress in enhancing the code generation capabilities of large language models. However, due to the difficulty in effectively evaluating intermediate algorithmic steps and the inability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yuanyuan Lin , Xiangyu Ouyang , Teng Zhang , Kaixin Sui

Inference-time search algorithms such as Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) may seem unnecessary when generating natural language text based on state-of-the-art reinforcement learning such as Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Jiacheng Liu , Andrew Cohen , Ramakanth Pasunuru , Yejin Choi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Asli Celikyilmaz

Probabilistic search algorithms, such as Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), have proven very effective in solving sequential decision-making tasks under uncertainty. However, interpreting asymmetric search trees that incorporate bandit-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Siqi Lu , Mirsaleh Bahavarnia , Hiba Baroud , Yixuan Zhang , Hemant Purohit , Ayan Mukhopadhyay

This paper proposes a novel reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm using improved Monte Carlo tree search (IMCTS) formulation for discrete optimum design of truss structures. IMCTS with multiple root nodes includes update process, the best…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Fu-Yao Ko , Katsuyuki Suzuki , Kazuo Yonekura

We propose a provably correct Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithm for solving risk-aware Markov decision processes (MDPs) with entropic risk measure (ERM) objectives. We provide a non-asymptotic analysis of our proposed algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Pedro P. Santos , Jacopo Silvestrin , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

Few real-world hybrid systems are amenable to formal verification, due to their complexity and black box components. Optimization-based falsification---a methodology of search-based testing that employs stochastic optimization---is…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Zhenya Zhang , Gidon Ernst , Sean Sedwards , Paolo Arcaini , Ichiro Hasuo

Bandit based methods for tree search have recently gained popularity when applied to huge trees, e.g. in the game of go [6]. Their efficient exploration of the tree enables to re- turn rapidly a good value, and improve preci- sion if more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Pierre-Arnuad Coquelin , Remi Munos

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a fundamental sampling-based search algorithm widely used for online planning in sequential decision-making domains. Despite its success in driving recent advances in artificial intelligence, understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yiyu Qian , Liyuan Zhao , Tim Miller

Despite being successful in board games and reinforcement learning (RL), Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) combined with Multi Armed Bandits (MABs) has seen limited success in domain-independent classical planning until recently. Previous work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Masataro Asai , Stephen Wissow

General Video Game Playing (GVGP) is a field of Artificial Intelligence where agents play a variety of real-time video games that are unknown in advance. This limits the use of domain-specific heuristics. Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Chiara F. Sironi , Torsten Schuster , Mark H. M. Winands

This paper presents an efficient approach to object manipulation planning using Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to find contact sequences and an efficient ADMM-based trajectory optimization algorithm to evaluate the dynamic feasibility of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Huaijiang Zhu , Avadesh Meduri , Ludovic Righetti

Building agents based on tree-search planning capabilities with learned models has achieved remarkable success in classic decision-making problems, such as Go and Atari. However, it has been deemed challenging or even infeasible to extend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yazhe Niu , Yuan Pu , Zhenjie Yang , Xueyan Li , Tong Zhou , Jiyuan Ren , Shuai Hu , Hongsheng Li , Yu Liu

Similarity search, the task of identifying objects most similar to a given query object under a specific metric, has gathered significant attention due to its practical applications. However, the absence of coordinate information to…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yifan Zhu , Ruiyao Ma , Baihua Zheng , Xiangyu Ke , Lu Chen , Yunjun Gao

The Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is a well-known optimization problem in manufacturing, where the goal is to determine the optimal sequence of jobs across different machines to minimize a given objective. In this work, we focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Laurie Boveroux , Damien Ernst , Quentin Louveaux

Monte Carlo Tree Search and Monte Carlo Search have good results for many combinatorial problems. In this paper we propose to use Monte Carlo Search to design mathematical expressions that are used as exploration terms for Monte Carlo Tree…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Tristan Cazenave

Balancing exploration and exploitation has been an important problem in both game tree search and automated planning. However, while the problem has been extensively analyzed within the Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) literature, the planning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Stephen Wissow , Masataro Asai

Monte Carlo Tree Search is a popular method for solving decision making problems. Faster implementations allow for more simulations within the same wall clock time, directly improving search performance. To this end, we present an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 James Ragan , Fred Y. Hadaegh , Soon-Jo Chung

In this research, we investigate the possibility of applying a search strategy to genetic algorithms to explore the entire genetic tree structure. Several methods aid in performing tree searches; however, simpler algorithms such as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Akshay Hebbar