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In many applications in statistics and machine learning, the availability of data samples from multiple possibly heterogeneous sources has become increasingly prevalent. On the other hand, in distributionally robust optimization, we seek…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-31 Tim Tsz-Kit Lau , Han Liu

Gaussian Process based Bayesian Optimization is a widely applied algorithm to learn and optimize under uncertainty, well-known for its sample efficiency. However, recently -- and more frequently -- research studies have empirically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Antonio Candelieri , Andrea Ponti , Francesco Archetti

Wasserstein dictionary learning is an unsupervised approach to learning a collection of probability distributions that generate observed distributions as Wasserstein barycentric combinations. Existing methods for Wasserstein dictionary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Marshall Mueller , Shuchin Aeron , James M. Murphy , Abiy Tasissa

Variational problems that involve Wasserstein distances have been recently proposed to summarize and learn from probability measures. Despite being conceptually simple, such problems are computationally challenging because they involve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-08-26 Marco Cuturi , Gabriel Peyré

Let $\mathcal{P}_{2,ac}$ be the set of Borel probabilities on $\mathbb{R}^d$ with finite second moment and absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure. We consider the problem of finding the barycenter (or Fr\'echet mean) of a…

Computation · Statistics 2016-04-25 Pedro C. Álvarez-Esteban , E. del Barrio , J. A. Cuesta-Albertos , C. Matrán

Computing Wasserstein barycenters is a fundamental geometric problem with widespread applications in machine learning, statistics, and computer graphics. However, it is unknown whether Wasserstein barycenters can be computed in polynomial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Jason M. Altschuler , Enric Boix-Adsera

This paper studies the statistical estimation of exact Wasserstein barycenters. Existing non-asymptotic results for empirical barycenters exhibit a severe curse of dimensionality. Motivated by the semi-dual formulation of the barycenter…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Pengtao Li , Changbo Zhu , Xiaohui Chen

Wasserstein barycenter is the centroid of a collection of discrete probability distributions which minimizes the average of the $\ell_2$-Wasserstein distance. This paper focuses on the computation of Wasserstein barycenters under the case…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Yitian Qian , Shaohua Pan

We develop an estimator-based stochastic fixed-point framework for approximately computing the 2-Wasserstein barycenter of continuous, non-parametric probability measures. Notably, we provide the first rigorous convergence analysis for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Zeyi Chen , Ariel Neufeld , Qikun Xiang

The Wasserstein barycenter is a geometric construct which captures the notion of centrality among probability distributions, and which has found many applications in machine learning. However, most algorithms for finding even an approximate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Zachary Izzo , Sandeep Silwal , Samson Zhou

We study in this paper a variant of Wasserstein barycenter problem, which we refer to as tree-Wasserstein barycenter, by leveraging a specific class of ground metrics, namely tree metrics, for Wasserstein distance. Drawing on the tree…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-28 Tam Le , Viet Huynh , Nhat Ho , Dinh Phung , Makoto Yamada

In this work clustering schemes for uncertain and structured data are considered relying on the notion of Wasserstein barycenters, accompanied by appropriate clustering indices based on the intrinsic geometry of the Wasserstein space where…

This paper considers the problem of estimating a matrix that encodes pairwise distances in a finite metric space (or, more generally, the edge weight matrix of a network) under the barycentric coding model (BCM) with respect to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Rocío Díaz Martín , Ivan V. Medri , James M. Murphy

In this paper, based on the Fr{\'e}chet mean, we define a notion of barycenter corresponding to a usual notion of statistical mean. We prove the existence of Wasserstein barycenters of random distributions defined on a geodesic space (E,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-15 Thibaut Le Gouic , Jean-Michel Loubes

Equilibrium multi-population matching (matching for teams) is a problem from mathematical economics which is related to multi-marginal optimal transport. A special but important case is the Wasserstein barycenter problem, which has…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Guillaume Carlier , Adam Oberman , Edouard Oudet

Inspired by recent advances in distributed algorithms for approximating Wasserstein barycenters, we propose a novel distributed algorithm for this problem. The main novelty is that we consider time-varying computational networks, which are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Olga Yufereva , Michael Persiianov , Pavel Dvurechensky , Alexander Gasnikov , Dmitry Kovalev

A robust clustering method for probabilities in Wasserstein space is introduced. This new "trimmed $k$-barycenters" approach relies on recent results on barycenters in Wasserstein space that allow intensive computation, as required by…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-06 E. del Barrio , J. A. Cuesta-Albertos , C. Matrán , A. Mayo-Íscar

Barycenter problems encode important geometric information about a metric space. While these problems are typically studied with positive weight coefficients associated to each distance term, more general signed Wasserstein barycenter…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Matt Jacobs , Bohan Zhou

This paper considers the problem of measure estimation under the barycentric coding model (BCM), in which an unknown measure is assumed to belong to the set of Wasserstein-2 barycenters of a finite set of known measures. Estimating a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-29 Matthew Werenski , Ruijie Jiang , Abiy Tasissa , Shuchin Aeron , James M. Murphy

Computing Wasserstein barycenters of discrete measures has recently attracted considerable attention due to its wide variety of applications in data science. In general, this problem is NP-hard, calling for practical approximative…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-25 Johannes von Lindheim