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Storm surge is one of the deadliest hazards posed by tropical cyclones (TCs), yet assessing its current and future risk is difficult due to the phenomenon's rarity and physical complexity. Recent advances in artificial intelligence…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Julian R. Rice , Karthik Balaguru , Fadia Ticona Rollano , John Wilson , Brent Daniel , David Judi , Ning Sun , L. Ruby Leung

The study of geometric extremes, where extremal dependence properties are inferred from the deterministic limiting shapes of scaled sample clouds, provides an exciting approach to modelling the extremes of multivariate data. These shapes,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-16 Callum J. R. Murphy-Barltrop , Reetam Majumder , Jordan Richards

Recent extreme value theory literature has seen significant emphasis on the modelling of spatial extremes, with comparatively little consideration of spatio-temporal extensions. This neglects an important feature of extreme events: their…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-19 Emma S. Simpson , Jennifer L. Wadsworth

Because of the impact of extreme heat waves and heat domes on society and biodiversity, their study is a key challenge. We specifically study long-lasting extreme heat waves, which are among the most important for climate impacts. Physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Valérian Jacques-Dumas , Francesco Ragone , Pierre Borgnat , Patrice Abry , Freddy Bouchet

The rapid expansion of the French offshore wind sector requires a critical reassessment of structural durability in the face of evolving marine conditions driven by climate change. Traditional design methodologies, which rely on the…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-10 Nicolas Raillard , Coline Poppeschi , Tessa Chevallier , Youen Kervella , Laurent Dubus

Metocean extremes often vary systematically with covariates such as direction and season. In this work, we present non-stationary models for the size and rate of occurrence of peaks over threshold of metocean variables with respect to one-…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-12 Anna Maria Barlow , Ed Mackay , Emma Eastoe , Philip Jonathan

Extreme value applications commonly employ regression techniques to capture cross-sectional heterogeneity or time-variation in the data. Estimation of the parameters of an extreme value regression model is notoriously challenging due to the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-12 Debbie J. Dupuis , Sebastian Engelke , Luca Trapin

There is increasing evidence that global warming manifests itself in more frequent warm days and that heat waves will become more frequent. Presently, a formal definition of a heat wave is not agreed upon in the literature. To avoid this…

Extreme value statistics provides accurate estimates for the small occurrence probabilities of rare events. While theory and statistical tools for univariate extremes are well-developed, methods for high-dimensional and complex data sets…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-06 Sebastian Engelke , Jevgenijs Ivanovs

Assessing climate risk and its potential impacts on our cities and economies is of fundamental importance. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and storm surges can lead to catastrophic damages. We propose a flexible approach…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-06 Chi Truong , Matteo Malavasi , Han Li , Stefan Trueck , Pavel V. Shevchenko

Projecting sea-level change in various climate-change scenarios typically involves running forward simulations of the Earth's gravitational, rotational and deformational (GRD) response to ice mass change, which requires high computational…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Myungsoo Yoo , Giri Gopalan , Matthew J. Hoffman , Sophie Coulson , Holly Kyeore Han , Christopher K. Wikle , Trevor Hillebrand

Understanding and mapping extreme heat is critical for risk management and public health planning, particularly in regions with complex terrain and heterogeneous climate. We present a case study of extreme heat in the Four Corners region of…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-22 Ben Seiyon Lee , Reetam Majumder , Jordan Richards , Emma S. Simpson , Likun Zhang

Sea surface height observations provided by satellite altimetry since 1993 show a rising rate (3.4 mm/year) for global mean sea level. While on average, sea level has risen 10 cm over the last 30 years, there is considerable regional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Saumya Sinha , John Fasullo , R. Steven Nerem , Claire Monteleoni

Wave impact and run-up onto vertical obstacles are among the most important phenomena which must be taken into account in the design of coastal structures. From linear wave theory, we know that the wave amplitude on a vertical wall is twice…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-05-26 Francesco Carbone , Denys Dutykh , John M. Dudley , Frédéric Dias

Planners who wish to manage coastal flood risk with long-lived infrastructure (e.g., levees, floodwalls) under a constrained computational budget face a tradeoff. Simulating a large number of future time periods or scenarios with different…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-03 David R Johnson , Mohammad Ahmadi Gharehtoragh

Understanding and predicting uncertain things are the central themes of scientific evolution. Human beings revolve around these fears of uncertainties concerning various aspects like a global pandemic, health, finances, to name but a few.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-31 Sayantan Nag Chowdhury , Arnob Ray , Arindam Mishra , Dibakar Ghosh

Waves traveling through random media exhibit random focusing that leads to extremely high wave intensities even in the absence of nonlinearities. Although such extreme events are present in a wide variety of physical systems and the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-17 Jakob J. Metzger , Ragnar Fleischmann , Theo Geisel

Sea level change, one of the most dire impacts of anthropogenic global warming, will affect a large amount of the world's population. However, sea level change is not uniform in time and space, and the skill of conventional prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Anne Braakmann-Folgmann , Ribana Roscher , Susanne Wenzel , Bernd Uebbing , Jürgen Kusche

Weather extremes are a major societal and economic hazard, claiming thousands of lives and causing billions of dollars in damage every year. Under climate change, their impact and intensity are expected to worsen significantly.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Antoine Blanchard , Nishant Parashar , Boyko Dodov , Christian Lessig , Themistoklis Sapsis

Extreme geophysical events are of crucial relevance to our daily life: they threaten human lives and cause property damage. To assess the risk and reduce losses, we need to model and probabilistically predict these events. Parametrizations…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2019-09-04 Guannan Hu , Tamás Bódai , Valerio Lucarini