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We propose an exactly solvable model for the dynamics of voters in a two-party system. The opinion formation process is modeled on a random network of agents. The dynamical nature of interpersonal relations is also reflected in the model,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 I. J. Benczik , S. Z. Benczik , B. Schmittmann , R. K. P. Zia

We study the design of voting mechanisms in a binary social choice environment where agents' cardinal valuations are independent but not necessarily identically distributed. The mechanism must be anonymous -- the outcome is invariant to…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-12 Yaron Azrieli , Ritesh Jain , Semin Kim

There is a class of models for pol/mil/econ bargaining and conflict that is loosely based on the Median Voter Theorem which has been used with great success for about 30 years. However, there are fundamental mathematical limitations to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-12 Ben Wise , Steven Bankes

We consider randomized mechanisms with optional participation. Preferences over lotteries are modeled using skew-symmetric bilinear (SSB) utility functions, a generalization of classic von Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions. We show that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-17 Florian Brandl , Felix Brandt , Johannes Hofbauer

Much of the theoretical work on strategic voting makes strong assumptions about what voters know about the voting situation. A strategizing voter is typically assumed to know how other voters will vote and to know the rules of the voting…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Wesley H. Holliday , Eric Pacuit

Respecting minority opinions is vital in solving social problems. However, minority opinions are often ignored in general majority rules. To build consensus on pluralistic values and make social choices that consider minority opinions, we…

General Economics · Economics 2021-02-24 Takeshi Kato , Yasuhiro Asa , Misa Owa

In the impartial selection problem, a subset of agents up to a fixed size $k$ among a group of $n$ is to be chosen based on votes cast by the agents themselves. A selection mechanism is impartial if no agent can influence its own chance of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Javier Cembrano , Svenja M. Griesbach , Maximilian J. Stahlberg

Voting methods are instrumental design elements of democracies. Citizens use them to express and aggregate their preferences to reach a collective decision. However, voting outcomes can be as sensitive to voting rules as they are to…

Committee decisions are complicated by a deadline, e.g., the next start of a budget, or the beginning of a semester. In committee hiring decisions, it may be that if no candidate is supported by a strong majority, the default is to hire no…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Marina Bannikova , Lihi Dery , Svetlana Obraztsova , Zinovi Rabinovich , Jeffrey S. Rosenschein

We consider elections where the voters come one at a time, in a streaming fashion, and devise space-efficient algorithms which identify an approximate winning committee with respect to common multiwinner proportional representation voting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Palash Dey , Nimrod Talmon , Otniel van Handel

The relationship of policy choice by majority voting and by maximization of utilitarian welfare has long been discussed. I consider choice between a status quo and a proposed policy when persons have interpersonally comparable cardinal…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-12-30 Charles F. Manski

Which level of voting costs is optimal in a democracy? This paper argues that intermediate voting costs - what we term a "Midcost democracy" - should be avoided, as they fail to ensure that electoral outcomes reflect the preferences of the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-07-11 Hans Gersbach , Arthur Schichl , Oriol Tejada

The budget is the key means for effecting policy in democracies, yet its preparation is typically an excluding, opaque, and arcane process. We aim to rectify this by providing for the democratic creation of complete budgets --- for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Ehud Shapiro , Nimrod Talmon

In many collective decision making situations, agents vote to choose an alternative that best represents the preferences of the group. Agents may manipulate the vote to achieve a better outcome by voting in a way that does not reflect their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Jaelle Scheuerman , Jason L. Harman , Nicholas Mattei , K. Brent Venable

The paper considers the problem of finding the number of dominant voters in two-level voting procedures. At the first stage, voting is conducted among local groups of voters, and at the second stage, the results are aggregated to form a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-11 N. I. Shushko , D. V. Lemtyuzhnikova

We study a variant of the voter model with multiple opinions; individuals can imitate each other and also change their opinion randomly in mutation events. We focus on the case of a population with all-to-all interaction. A noise-driven…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-14 Francisco Herrerías-Azcué , Tobias Galla

This paper offers a framework for the study of strategic behavior in proxy voting, where non-active voters delegate their votes to active voters. We further study how proxy voting affects the strategic behavior of non-active voters and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Gili Bielous , Reshef Meir

We propose a stochastic model of opinion exchange in networks. A finite set of agents is organized in a fixed network structure. There is a binary state of the world and each agent receives a private signal on the state. We model beliefs as…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-01-31 Emilien Macault

A collective of identical agents in a multi-agent system often works together towards the common goal. In situations where no supervisor agents are present to make decisions for the group, these agents must achieve some consensus via…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Marcin Maleszka

We expect that democracy enables us to utilize collective intelligence such that our collective decisions build and enhance social welfare, and such that we accept their distributive and normative consequences. Collective decisions are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-06 Jan Lorenz , Martin Neumann