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Navigation in the natural world is a feat of adaptive inference, where biological organisms maintain goal-directed behaviour despite noisy and incomplete sensory streams. Central to this ability is the Free Energy Principle (FEP), which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Maytus Piriyajitakonkij , Rishabh Dev Yadav , Mingfei Sun , Mengmi Zhang , Wei Pan

The free energy principle (FEP) is a mathematical framework that describes how biological systems self-organize and survive in their environment. This principle provides insights on multiple scales, from high-level behavioral and cognitive…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-24 David Kappel , Christian Tetzlaff

The brain is a biological system comprising nerve cells and orchestrates its embodied agent's perception, behavior, and learning in the dynamic environment. The free energy principle (FEP) advocated by Karl Friston explicates the local,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-07 Chang Sub Kim

The free energy principle (FEP) in the neurosciences stipulates that all viable agents induce and minimize informational free energy in the brain to fit their environmental niche. In this study, we continue our effort to make the FEP a more…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-25 Chang Sub Kim

Reinforcement Learning (RL) requires a large amount of exploration especially in sparse-reward settings. Imitation Learning (IL) can learn from expert demonstrations without exploration, but it never exceeds the expert's performance and is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Ryoya Ogishima , Izumi Karino , Yasuo Kuniyoshi

The Free Energy Principle (FEP) states that under suitable conditions of weak coupling, random dynamical systems with sufficient degrees of freedom will behave so as to minimize an upper bound, formalized as a variational free energy, on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Chris Fields , Karl Friston , James F. Glazebrook , Michael Levin

The 'free energy principle' (FEP) has been suggested to provide a unified theory of the brain, integrating data and theory relating to action, perception, and learning. The theory and implementation of the FEP combines insights from…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-05-26 Christopher L. Buckley , Chang Sub Kim , Simon McGregor , Anil K. Seth

Deep learning has revolutionised artificial intelligence (AI) by enabling automatic feature extraction and function approximation from raw data. However, it faces challenges such as a lack of out-of-distribution generalisation, catastrophic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Mehran H. Bazargani , Szymon Urbas , Karl Friston

Passive visual systems typically fail to recognize objects in the amodal setting where they are heavily occluded. In contrast, humans and other embodied agents have the ability to move in the environment, and actively control the viewing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Jianwei Yang , Zhile Ren , Mingze Xu , Xinlei Chen , David Crandall , Devi Parikh , Dhruv Batra

The Free-Energy Principle (FEP) [1-3] has been adopted in a variety of ambitious proposals that aim to characterize all adaptive, sentient, and cognitive systems within a unifying framework. Judging by the amount of attention it has…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-18 Zahra Sheikhbahaee , Adam Safron , Casper Hesp , Guillaume Dumas

This paper presents a model of consciousness that follows directly from the free-energy principle (FEP). We first rehearse the classical and quantum formulations of the FEP. In particular, we consider the inner screen hypothesis that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-03 Maxwell J. D. Ramstead , Mahault Albarracin , Alex Kiefer , Brennan Klein , Chris Fields , Karl Friston , Adam Safron

Visual foresight gives an agent a window into the future, which it can use to anticipate events before they happen and plan strategic behavior. Although impressive results have been achieved on video prediction in constrained settings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Lin Yen-Chen , Maria Bauza , Phillip Isola

Embodied perception systems face severe challenges of dynamic environment distribution drift when they continuously interact in open physical spaces. However, the existing domain incremental awareness methods often rely on the domain id…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Juncen Guo , Xiaoguang Zhu , Jingyi Wu , Jingyu Zhang , Jingnan Cai , Zhenghao Niu , Liang Song

Humans communicate non-verbally by sharing physical rhythms, such as nodding and gestures, to involve each other. This sharing of physicality creates a sense of unity and makes humans feel involved with others. In this paper, we developed a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Kazuya Horibe , Yuanxiang Fan , Yutaka Nakamura , Hiroshi Ishiguro

Most artificial neural networks used for object detection and recognition are trained in a fully supervised setup. This is not only very resource consuming as it requires large data sets of labeled examples but also very different from how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Viviane Clay , Peter König , Gordon Pipa , Kai-Uwe Kühnberger

Research on the so-called "free-energy principle'' (FEP) in cognitive neuroscience is becoming increasingly high-profile. To date, introductions to this theory have proved difficult for many readers to follow, but it depends mainly upon two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-03-16 Simon McGregor , Manuel Baltieri , Christopher L. Buckley

The Free-Energy-Principle (FEP) is an influential and controversial theory which postulates a deep and powerful connection between the stochastic thermodynamics of self-organization and learning through variational inference. Specifically,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Beren Millidge , Anil Seth , Christopher L Buckley

Understanding of neuro-dynamics of a complex higher cognitive process, Working Memory (WM) is challenging. In WM, information processing occurs through four subsystems: phonological loop, visual sketch pad, memory buffer and central…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-13 Pankaj , Jamuna Rajeswaran , Divya Sadana

Perception of artificial agents is one the grand challenges of AI research. Deep Learning and data-driven approaches are successful on constrained problems where perception can be learned using supervision, but do not scale to open-worlds.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Hugo Caselles-Dupré , Michael Garcia-Ortiz , David Filliat

It has always been expected that a robot can be easily deployed to unknown scenarios, accomplishing robotic grasping tasks without human intervention. Nevertheless, existing grasp detection approaches are typically off-body techniques and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jin Liu , Jialong Xie , Leibing Xiao , Chaoqun Wang , Fengyu Zhou
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