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Low-rank tensor approximations have shown great potential for uncertainty quantification in high dimensions, for example, to build surrogate models that can be used to speed up large-scale inference problems (Eigel et al., Inverse Problems…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Paul B. Rohrbach , Sergey Dolgov , Lars Grasedyck , Robert Scheichl

We establish universality and expression rate bounds for a class of neural Deep Operator Networks (DON) emulating Lipschitz (or H\"older) continuous maps $\mathcal G:\mathcal X\to\mathcal Y$ between (subsets of) separable Hilbert spaces…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-20 Christoph Schwab , Andreas Stein , Jakob Zech

We show expression rates and stability in Sobolev norms of deep feedforward ReLU neural networks (NNs) in terms of the number of parameters defining the NN for continuous, piecewise polynomial functions, on arbitrary, finite partitions…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Joost A. A. Opschoor , Christoph Schwab

It is well established that to ensure or certify the robustness of a neural network, its Lipschitz constant plays a prominent role. However, its calculation is NP-hard. In this note, by taking into account activation regions at each layer…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-05 Mohammed Sbihi , Sophie Jan , Nicolas Couellan

This paper proposes that Lipschitz continuity is a natural outcome of regularized least squares in kernel-based learning. Lipschitz continuity is an important proxy for robustness of input-output operators. It is also instrumental for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-08 Henk J. van Waarde , Rodolphe Sepulchre

Deep neural networks are notorious for being sensitive to small well-chosen perturbations, and estimating the regularity of such architectures is of utmost importance for safe and robust practical applications. In this paper, we investigate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-28 Kevin Scaman , Aladin Virmaux

We investigate robustness of deep feed-forward neural networks when input data are subject to random uncertainties. More specifically, we consider regularization of the network by its Lipschitz constant and emphasize its role. We highlight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Nicolas Couellan

Neural networks are regularly employed in adaptive control of nonlinear systems and related methods of reinforcement learning. A common architecture uses a neural network with a single hidden layer (i.e. a shallow network), in which the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Andrew Lamperski , Tyler Lekang

Tight estimation of the Lipschitz constant for deep neural networks (DNNs) is useful in many applications ranging from robustness certification of classifiers to stability analysis of closed-loop systems with reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Mahyar Fazlyab , Alexander Robey , Hamed Hassani , Manfred Morari , George J. Pappas

Graph Neural Networks (GNN) are inherently limited in their expressive power. Recent seminal works (Xu et al., 2019; Morris et al., 2019b) introduced the Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) hierarchy as a measure of expressive power. Although this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Omri Puny , Derek Lim , Bobak T. Kiani , Haggai Maron , Yaron Lipman

Rigorous mathematical investigation of learning rates used in back-propagation in shallow neural networks has become a necessity. This is because experimental evidence needs to be endorsed by a theoretical background. Such theory may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Shailesh Sridhar , Snehanshu Saha , Azhar Shaikh , Rahul Yedida , Sriparna Saha

This paper studies the approximation capacity of neural networks with an arbitrary activation function and with norm constraint on the weights. Upper and lower bounds on the approximation error of these networks are computed for smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Francesco Paolo Maiale , Anastasiia Trofimova , Arturo De Marinis

We introduce a method to design a computationally efficient $G$-invariant neural network that approximates functions invariant to the action of a given permutation subgroup $G \leq S_n$ of the symmetric group on input data. The key element…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Piotr Kicki , Mete Ozay , Piotr Skrzypczyński

Wasserstein-GANs have been introduced to address the deficiencies of generative adversarial networks (GANs) regarding the problems of vanishing gradients and mode collapse during the training, leading to improved convergence behaviour and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Jan Müller , Reinhard Klein , Michael Weinmann

Recent advances in large-margin classification of data residing in general metric spaces (rather than Hilbert spaces) enable classification under various natural metrics, such as string edit and earthmover distance. A general framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Lee-Ad Gottlieb , Aryeh Kontorovich , Robert Krauthgamer

In this paper we provide a characterization of intrinsic Lipschitz graphs in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups in terms of their distributional gradients. Moreover, we prove the equivalence of different notions of continuous weak…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-10-14 Francesco Bigolin , Laura Caravenna , Francesco Serra Cassano

In recent years, deep learning techniques have shown great success in various tasks related to inverse problems, where a target quantity of interest can only be observed through indirect measurements by a forward operator. Common approaches…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Matthias Beckmann , Nick Heilenkötter

This survey provides an in-depth and explanatory review of the approximation properties of deep neural networks, with a focus on feed-forward and residual architectures. The primary objective is to examine how effectively neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Owen Davis , Mohammad Motamed

Providing human-understandable insights into the inner workings of neural networks is an important step toward achieving more explainable and trustworthy AI. Existing approaches to such mechanistic interpretability typically require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Tian Gao , Amit Dhurandhar , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Dennis Wei

Motivated by classical work on the numerical integration of ordinary differential equations we present a ResNet-styled neural network architecture that encodes non-expansive (1-Lipschitz) operators, as long as the spectral norms of the…