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Cross-domain offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn a policy in the target domain with a limited target domain dataset and a source domain dataset that exhibits a dynamics shift. Training directly on the original source dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhongjian Qiao , Jiafei Lyu , Chenjia Bai , Peisong Wang , Siyang Gao , Shuang Qiu

Designing rewards for Reinforcement Learning (RL) is challenging because it needs to convey the desired task, be efficient to optimize, and be easy to compute. The latter is particularly problematic when applying RL to robotics, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Yiming Ding , Carlos Florensa , Mariano Phielipp , Pieter Abbeel

Recent advances in embodied AI highlight the potential of vision language models (VLMs) as agents capable of perception, reasoning, and interaction in complex environments. However, top-performing systems rely on large-scale models that are…

Offline reinforcement learning algorithms promise to be applicable in settings where a fixed dataset is available and no new experience can be acquired. However, such formulation is inevitably offline-data-hungry and, in practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Jinxin Liu , Hongyin Zhang , Donglin Wang

Deep reinforcement learning agents are often misaligned, as they over-exploit early reward signals. Recently, several symbolic approaches have addressed these challenges by encoding sparse objectives along with aligned plans. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Zihan Ye , Phil Chau , Raban Emunds , Jannis Blüml , Cedric Derstroff , Quentin Delfosse , Oleg Arenz , Kristian Kersting

When tackling complex problems, humans naturally break them down into smaller, manageable subtasks and adjust their initial plans based on observations. For instance, if you want to make coffee at a friend's place, you might initially plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zihan Ye , Oleg Arenz , Kristian Kersting

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms update an agent's parameters according to one of several possible rules, discovered manually through years of research. Automating the discovery of update rules from data could lead to more efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Junhyuk Oh , Matteo Hessel , Wojciech M. Czarnecki , Zhongwen Xu , Hado van Hasselt , Satinder Singh , David Silver

Early stopping based on the validation set performance is a popular approach to find the right balance between under- and overfitting in the context of supervised learning. However, in reinforcement learning, even for supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Nicolai Dorka , Tim Welschehold , Wolfram Burgard

Vision-Language-Action systems follow instructions to execute multi-step tasks in multimodal environments. Recent VLA approaches typically rely on post-hoc correction mechanisms or operate under fixed task decompositions and alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiyin Zeng , Yuyu Sun , Haoyang Li , Shouqiang Liu , Hao Wang

Model-based reinforcement learning is an appealing framework for creating agents that learn, plan, and act in sequential environments. Model-based algorithms typically involve learning a transition model that takes a state and an action and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Kavosh Asadi , Dipendra Misra , Seungchan Kim , Michel L. Littman

In recent years, a growing number of deep model-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods have been introduced. The interest in deep model-based RL is not surprising, given its many potential benefits, such as higher sample efficiency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yi Wan , Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Janarthanan Rajendran , Ida Momennejad , Sarath Chandar , Harm van Seijen

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms that learn policies by trial-and-error must learn from limited amounts of data collected by actively interacting with the environment. While many prior works have shown that proper regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Qiyang Li , Aviral Kumar , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

Autonomous systems (AS) often use Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifiers to allow them to operate in complex, high-dimensional, non-linear, and dynamically changing environments. Due to the complexity of these environments, DNN classifiers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Abanoub Ghobrial , Xuan Zheng , Darryl Hond , Hamid Asgari , Kerstin Eder

Building deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents that find a good policy with few samples has proven notoriously challenging. To achieve sample efficiency, recent work has explored updating neural networks with large numbers of gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Claas A Voelcker , Marcel Hussing , Eric Eaton , Amir-massoud Farahmand , Igor Gilitschenski

Applications of reinforcement learning (RL) to stabilization problems of real systems are restricted since an agent needs many experiences to learn an optimal policy and may determine dangerous actions during its exploration. If we know a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Junya Ikemoto , Toshimitsu Ushio

This paper gives specific divergence examples of value-iteration for several major Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming algorithms, when using a function approximator for the value function. These divergence examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-31 Michael Fairbank , Eduardo Alonso

We consider the problem of efficiently learning optimal control policies and value functions over large state spaces in an online setting in which estimates must be available after each interaction with the world. This paper develops an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Richard S. Sutton , Csaba Szepesvari , Alborz Geramifard , Michael P. Bowling

A fundamental objective of manipulation policy design is to endow robots to comprehend human instructions, reason about scene cues, and execute generalized actions in dynamic environments. Recent autoregressive vision-language-action (VLA)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jiaming Liu , Hao Chen , Pengju An , Zhuoyang Liu , Renrui Zhang , Chenyang Gu , Xiaoqi Li , Ziyu Guo , Sixiang Chen , Mengzhen Liu , Chengkai Hou , Mengdi Zhao , KC alex Zhou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Shanghang Zhang

Safety remains an open problem in reinforcement learning (RL), especially during training. While safety filters are promising to address safe exploration, they are generally poorly suited for high-dimensional systems with unknown dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Artur Eisele , Bernd Frauenknecht , Friedrich Solowjow , Sebastian Trimpe

Dyna-style model-based reinforcement learning contains two phases: model rollouts to generate sample for policy learning and real environment exploration using current policy for dynamics model learning. However, due to the complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Xiyao Wang , Ruijie Zheng , Yanchao Sun , Ruonan Jia , Wichayaporn Wongkamjan , Huazhe Xu , Furong Huang