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The common practice of preprocessing text before feeding it into NLP models introduces many decision points which have unintended consequences on model performance. In this opinion piece, we focus on the handling of diacritics in texts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Kyle Gorman , Yuval Pinter

The use of multilingual language models for tasks in low and high-resource languages has been a success story in deep learning. In recent times, Arabic has been receiving widespread attention on account of its dialectal variance. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Soumajyoti Sarkar , Kaixiang Lin , Sailik Sengupta , Leonard Lausen , Sheng Zha , Saab Mansour

This paper addresses the classification of Arabic text data in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), with a particular focus on Natural Language Inference (NLI) and Contradiction Detection (CD). Arabic is considered a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Mohammad Majd Saad Al Deen , Maren Pielka , Jörn Hees , Bouthaina Soulef Abdou , Rafet Sifa

We investigate two research questions: (1) how do machine translation (MT) and diacritization influence the performance of each other in a multi-task learning setting (2) the effect of keeping (vs. removing) diacritics on MT performance. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Wei-Rui Chen , Ife Adebara , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed

One of the most important challenges for modern search engines is to retrieve relevant web content based on user queries. In order to achieve this challenge, search engines have a module to rewrite user queries. That is why modern web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Abdullah Can Algan , Emre Yürekli , Aykut Çayır

Diacritics restoration is a mandatory step for adequately processing Romanian texts, and not a trivial one, as you generally need context in order to properly restore a character. Most previous methods which were experimented for Romanian…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Stefan Ruseti , Teodor-Mihai Cotet , Mihai Dascalu

This study addresses the critical gap in Arabic natural language processing by developing an effective Arabic Reverse Dictionary (RD) system that enables users to find words based on their descriptions or meanings. We present a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Serry Sibaee , Samar Ahmed , Abdullah Al Harbi , Omer Nacar , Adel Ammar , Yasser Habashi , Wadii Boulila

Tashkeel, or Arabic Text Diacritization (ATD), greatly enhances the comprehension of Arabic text by removing ambiguity and minimizing the risk of misinterpretations caused by its absence. It plays a crucial role in improving Arabic text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Faris Alasmary , Orjuwan Zaafarani , Ahmad Ghannam

The prevalence of toxic content on social media platforms, such as hate speech, offensive language, and misogyny, presents serious challenges to our interconnected society. These challenging issues have attracted widespread attention in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Abdelkader El Mahdaouy , Abdellah El Mekki , Ahmed Oumar , Hajar Mousannif , Ismail Berrada

In this work, we tackle the Diacritic Restoration (DR) task for Arabic dialectal sentences using a multimodal approach that combines both textual and speech information. We propose a model that represents the text modality using an encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Ahmad Ghannam , Naif Alharthi , Faris Alasmary , Kholood Al Tabash , Shouq Sadah , Lahouari Ghouti

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is widely-accepted in Natural Language Processing as a standard technique for learning multiple related tasks in one model. Training an MTL model requires having the training data for all tasks available at the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Sudipta Kar , Giuseppe Castellucci , Simone Filice , Shervin Malmasi , Oleg Rokhlenko

The process of language learning involves the mastery of countless tasks: making the constituent sounds of the language being learned, learning the grammatical patterns, and acquiring the requisite vocabulary for reception and production.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-04-09 Hayat Alrefaie , Allan Ramsay

The rapid growth of social media has amplified the spread of offensive, violent, and vulgar speech, which poses serious societal and cybersecurity concerns. Detecting such content in Arabic text is particularly complex due to limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Aisha Alansari , Hamzah Luqman

Arabic text recognition is a challenging task because of the cursive nature of Arabic writing system, its joint writing scheme, the large number of ligatures and many other challenges. Deep Learning DL models achieved significant progress…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Mohammad Fasha , Bassam Hammo , Nadim Obeid , Jabir Widian

Handwritten character recognition is an active area of research with applications in numerous fields. Past and recent works in this field have concentrated on various languages. Arabic is one language where the scope of research is still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Akm Ashiquzzaman , Abdul Kawsar Tushar

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is key to enhancing large language models (LLMs) to systematically access richer factual knowledge. Yet, using RAG brings intrinsic challenges, as LLMs must deal with potentially conflicting knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Leonardo Ranaldi , Federico Ranaldi , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Semitic languages can be highly ambiguous, having several interpretations of the same surface forms, and morphologically rich, having many morphemes that realize several morphological features. This is further exacerbated for dialectal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Nasser Zalmout , Nizar Habash

A main challenge in applying deep learning to music processing is the availability of training data. One potential solution is Multi-task Learning, in which the model also learns to solve related auxiliary tasks on additional datasets to…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Daniel Stoller , Sebastian Ewert , Simon Dixon

Large pre-trained language models have been shown to store factual knowledge in their parameters, and achieve state-of-the-art results when fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks. However, their ability to access and precisely manipulate…

Arabic text diacritization remains a persistent challenge in natural language processing due to the language's morphological richness. In this paper, we introduce Sadeed, a novel approach based on a fine-tuned decoder-only language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Zeina Aldallal , Sara Chrouf , Khalil Hennara , Mohamed Motaism Hamed , Muhammad Hreden , Safwan AlModhayan