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This tutorial provides a hands-on entry point about laser locking for atomic vapor research and related research such as laser cooling. We furthermore introduce common materials and methods for the fabrication of vapor cells as a tool for…
The recent decades have seen various attempts at accelerating the process of developing materials targeted towards specific applications. The performance required for a particular application leads to the choice of a particular material…
In this lecture we introduce from basic principles the main concepts of beam focusing and transport in modern accelerators using the beam envelope equationas a convenient mathematical tool. Matching conditions suitable for preserving beam…
Thermoacoustic Refrigerators use acoustic power for generating cold temperatures. Development of refrigerators based on the thermoacoustic technology is a novel solution to the present day need of cooling, without causing environmental…
Rough surfaces submerged in a liquid can remain almost dry if the liquid does not fully wet the roughness and gases are sustained in roughness grooves. Such partially dry surfaces can help reduce drag or enhance boiling. Gases sustained in…
The unique properties of suspensions containing both active (self-propelling) and passive matter, arising from the nonequilibrium nature of these systems, have been widely studied (e.g., enhanced diffusion, phase separation, and directed…
Materials with higher operating temperatures than today's state of the art can improve system performance in several applications and enable new technologies. Under most scenarios, a protective oxide scale with high melting temperatures and…
In the realm of contemporary materials testing, the demand for scalability, adaptability, parallelism, and speed has surged due to the proliferation of diverse materials and testing standards. Traditional controller-based systems often fall…
For the first time, we have a plausible, complete accounting of matter and energy in the Universe. Expressed a fraction of the critical density it goes like this: neutrinos, between 0.3% and 15%; stars, 0.5%; baryons (total), 5%; matter…
With the advances in materials and integration of electronics and thermoelectrics, the demand for novel crystalline materials with ultimate high/low thermal conductivity is increasing. However, search for optimal thermal materials is…
Thermoelectric materials, which can convert waste heat into electricity or act as solid-state Peltier coolers, are emerging as key technologies to address global energy shortages and environmental sustainability. However, discovering…
In contrast with the diversity of materials found in nature, most robots are designed with some combination of aluminum, stainless steel, and 3D-printed filament. Additionally, robotic systems are typically assumed to follow basic…
In this paper we describe the technology of building a vacuum-tight high voltage feedthrough which is able to operate at voltages up to 30 kV. The feedthrough has a coaxial structure with a grounded sheath which makes it capable to lead…
Particle acceleration in microstructures driven by ultrafast solid state lasers is a rapidly evolving area of advanced accelerator research, leading to a variety of concepts based on planar-symmetric dielectric gratings, hollow core fibers,…
Oxide passive films are a key for the durability of metals and alloys components as well as a central issue in corrosion science and engineering. Herein, we discuss current developments of the nanometer and sub-nanometer scale knowledge of…
Granular damping devices constitute an emerging technology for the attenuation of vibrations based on the dissipative nature of particle collisions. We show that the performance of such devices is independent of the material properties of…
This review briefly illustrates a few fundamental concepts of cryogenic engineering, the technological practice that allows reaching and maintaining the low-temperature operating conditions of the superconducting devices needed in particle…
The problem of high-speed transport for cold atoms with minimal heating has received considerable attention in theory and experiment. Much theoretical work has focused on solutions of general problems, often assuming a harmonic trapping…
Accelerating particles to relativistic energies over very short distances using lasers has been a long standing goal in physics. Among the various schemes proposed for electrons, vacuum laser acceleration has attracted considerable interest…
The next generation of rare-event search experiments in nuclear and particle physics demand structural materials combining exceptional mechanical strength with ultra-low levels of radioactive contamination. This study evaluates chemical…