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We study synchronous phenomena of a coarse-grained power grid model, the swing equation, on small-world networks. We show that its steady state, which stands for the normal operation of the power systems, can be realized even if the phases…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-01-29 Eiichi Sasaki , Masayuki Ohzeki , Yoshito Ohta

Power electronic converters for integrating renewable energy resources into power systems can be divided into grid-forming and grid-following inverters. They possess certain similarities, but several important differences, which means that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-28 Yitong Li , Yunjie Gu , Timothy C. Green

Grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) can emulate the external characteristics of synchronous generators (SGs) through appropriate control loop design. However, in systems with GFM IBRs, the apparent impedance trajectory under…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Yanshu Niu , Zhe Yang , Bikash C. Pal

Dynamic simulation plays a crucial role in power system transient stability analysis, but traditional numerical integration-based methods are time-consuming due to the small time step sizes. Other semi-analytical solution methods, such as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-14 Kaiyang Huang , Yang Liu , Kai Sun , Feng Qiu

The stability issue emerges as a growing number of diverse power apparatus connecting to the power system. The stability analysis for such power systems is required to adapt to heterogeneity and scalability. This paper derives a local…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-05 Peng Yang , Feng Liu , Zhaojian Wang , Chen Shen , Jun Yi , Weifang Lin

Grid-following (GFL) inverters have very different large-signal stability characteristics to synchronous generators, and convenient concepts such as the equal-area criterion and global energy function do not apply in the same way. Existing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Yifan Zhang , Yaoxin Wang , Yunjie Gu , Yitong Li , Sijia Geng , Yue Zhu , Hsiao-Dong Chiang , Timothy C. Green

In this paper we consider a possibility of stabilizing very fast electromagnetic interactions between Inverter Based Resources (IBRs), known as the Control Induced System Stability problems. We propose that when these oscillatory…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-09 Riley Lawson , Marija Ilic

Keeping the power system stable is becoming more challenging with the growing share of renewable energy sources of low or negligible inertia. Inertia constants for individual power plants are generally not known and are roughly estimated by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-10 David Kraljic , Blaz Sobocan , Jernej Katanec , Matej Logar , Miha Troha

Wind is becoming an increasingly significant source of energy in modern power generation. Amongst existing technologies, Variable Speed Wind Turbines (VSWT) equipped with Double Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) is widely deployed.…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-02-03 Charalambos Konstantinou

This paper proposes a novel control framework designed for Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), denoted as Generalized Swing Control (GSC). The proposed GSC framework generalizes the definition of Grid-Forming (GFM) control schemes and exploits…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Rodrigo Bernal , Federico Milano

The increasing demand of large scale wind integration in the conventional power system brings a lot of challenges. One of them is the stability of the power system when subjected to a large disturbance, such as a fault. This paper proposes…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-10 Umair Shahzad

Stability is a key property of dynamical systems. In some cases, we want to change unstable system into stable one to achieve certain goals in engineering. Here, we present an example of a $3$ dimensional switched system that alternates…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-10-20 Yuyi Zhang , Yao Guo

Under asymmetrical faults, analyzing the transient stability of grid-forming voltage-source converters (GFM-VSCs) becomes essential because their behavior fundamentally differs from that under symmetrical faults. When current limiting is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Seongyeon Kim , Ki-Hyun Kim , Shenghui Cui , Jae-Jung Jung

The power synchronization control (PSC) has been increasingly used with voltage-source converters (VSCs) connected to the weak ac grid. This paper presents an in-depth analysis on the transient stability of the PSC-VSC by means of the phase…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Heng Wu , Xiongfei Wang

Converter-interfaced power sources (CIPS) are hybrid control systems as they may switch between multiple operating modes. Due to increasing penetration, the hybrid behavior of CIPS, such as, wind turbine generators (WTG), may have…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Yichen Zhang , Kevin Tomsovic , Seddik M. Djouadi , Hector Pulgar-Painemal

High penetration of wind power with conventional grid following controls for inverter-based wind turbine generators (WTGs) weakens the power grid, challenging the power system stability. Grid-forming (GFM) controls are emerging technologies…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-02 Thai-Thanh Nguyen , Tuyen Vu , Sumit Paudyal , Frede Blaabjerg , Thanh Long Vu

We study a class of matrices with a rank-1 interconnection structure, and derive a simple necessary and sufficient condition for diagonal stability. The underlying Lyapunov function is used to provide sufficient conditions for diagonal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-21 John W. Simpson-Porco , Nima Monshizadeh

Large-scale deployment of RES has led to significant generation shares of variable RES in power systems worldwide. RES units, notably inverter-connected wind turbines and PV that as such do not provide rotational inertia, are effectively…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-12-23 Andreas Ulbig , Theodor S. Borsche , Göran Andersson

This paper considers a power transmission network characterized by interconnected nonlinear swing dynamics on generator buses. At the steady state, frequencies across different buses synchronize to a common nominal value such as $50$Hz or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-04 Yijun Chen , Ian R. Petersen , Elizabeth L. Ratnam

High levels of penetration of distributed generation and aggressive reactive power compensation with modern power electronics may result in the reversal of active and reactive power flows in future distribution grids. The voltage stability…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2014-07-09 Hung D. Nguyen , Konstantin Turitsyn
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