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Constrained realisations of Gaussian random fields are used in cosmology to design special initial conditions for numerical simulations. We review this approach and its application to density peaks providing several worked-out examples. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-06 Cristiano Porciani

Recent text-to-image generation favors various forms of spatial conditions, e.g., masks, bounding boxes, and key points. However, the majority of the prior art requires form-specific annotations to fine-tune the original model, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Z. Zhang , B. Liu , J. Bao , L. Chen , S. Zhu , J. Yu

Providing initial conditions is an essential procedure for numerical simulations of galaxies. The initial conditions for idealised individual galaxies in $N$-body simulations should resemble observed galaxies and be dynamically stable for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-25 Yohei Miki , Masayuki Umemura

Analysing next-generation cosmological data requires balancing accurate modeling of non-linear gravitational structure formation and computational demands. We propose a solution by introducing a machine learning-based field-level emulator,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-12 Ludvig Doeser , Drew Jamieson , Stephen Stopyra , Guilhem Lavaux , Florent Leclercq , Jens Jasche

We investigate the possibility of generating initial conditions for cosmological N-body simulations by simulating a system whose correlations at thermal equilibrium approximate well those of cosmological density perturbations. The system is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Joyce , D. Levesque , B. Marcos

Initial conditions for (Newtonian) cosmological N-body simulations are usually set by re-scaling the present-day power spectrum obtained from linear (relativistic) Boltzmann codes to the desired initial redshift of the simulation. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Christian Fidler , Thomas Tram , Cornelius Rampf , Robert Crittenden , Kazuya Koyama , David Wands

Due to privacy concerns, obtaining large datasets is challenging in medical image analysis, especially with 3D modalities like Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Existing generative models, developed to address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jonghun Kim , Inye Na , Eun Sook Ko , Hyunjin Park

We updated the agent based Monte Carlo code HERITAGE that simulates human evolution within restrictive environments such as interstellar, sub-light speed spacecraft in order to include the effects of population genetics. We incorporated a…

Popular Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 F. Marin , C. Beluffi , F. Fischer

In astro-ph/0109199, the initial conditions (IC's) of cosmological N-body simulations by the Virgo Consortium are analyzed and it is concluded that the density fluctuations are rather different from the desired ones. We have repeated the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alvaro Dominguez , Alexander Knebe

Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques have the promise to revolutionize the field of digital pathology. However, these models demand considerable amounts of data, while the availability of unbiased training data is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-14 Nati Daniel , Eliel Aknin , Ariel Larey , Yoni Peretz , Guy Sela , Yael Fisher , Yonatan Savir

Recent deep generative models are able to provide photo-realistic images as well as visual or textual content embeddings useful to address various tasks of computer vision and natural language processing. Their usefulness is nevertheless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Antoine Plumerault , Hervé Le Borgne , Céline Hudelot

In cosmological $N$-body simulations, the representation of dark matter as discrete "macroparticles" suppresses the growth of structure, such that simulations no longer reproduce linear theory on small scales near $k_{\rm Nyquist}$. Marcos…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-04 Lehman H. Garrison , Daniel J. Eisenstein , Douglas Ferrer , Marc V. Metchnik , Philip A. Pinto

The Genetic Algorithm is a heuristic that can be used to produce model independent solutions to an optimization problem, thus making it ideal for use in cosmology and more specifically in the analysis of type Ia supernovae data. In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-18 Savvas Nesseris

A method we developed recently for the reconstruction of the initial density field in the nearby Universe is applied to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. A high-resolution N-body constrained simulation (CS) of the reconstructed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Huiyuan Wang , H. J. Mo , Xiaohu Yang , Youcai Zhang , JingJing Shi , Y. P. Jing , Chengze Liu , Shijie Li , Xi Kang , Yang Gao

We introduce EGIC, an enhanced generative image compression method that allows traversing the distortion-perception curve efficiently from a single model. EGIC is based on two novel building blocks: i) OASIS-C, a conditional pre-trained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Nikolai Körber , Eduard Kromer , Andreas Siebert , Sascha Hauke , Daniel Mueller-Gritschneder , Björn Schuller

Although recent generative image compression methods have demonstrated impressive potential in optimizing the rate-distortion-perception trade-off, they still face the critical challenge of flexible rate adaption to diverse compression…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Anqi Li , Feng Li , Yuxi Liu , Runmin Cong , Yao Zhao , Huihui Bai

We discuss a new algorithm to generate multi-scale initial conditions with multiple levels of refinements for cosmological "zoom-in" simulations. The method uses an adaptive convolution of Gaussian white noise with a real space transfer…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Oliver Hahn , Tom Abel

We present GEN3C, a generative video model with precise Camera Control and temporal 3D Consistency. Prior video models already generate realistic videos, but they tend to leverage little 3D information, leading to inconsistencies, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Xuanchi Ren , Tianchang Shen , Jiahui Huang , Huan Ling , Yifan Lu , Merlin Nimier-David , Thomas Müller , Alexander Keller , Sanja Fidler , Jun Gao

In Search Based Software Engineering, Genetic Programming has been used for bug fixing, performance improvement and parallelisation of programs through the modification of source code. Where an evolutionary computation algorithm, such as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-11-22 Brendan Cody-Kenny , Stephen Barrett

Medical imaging is an essential tool for diagnosing and treating diseases. However, lacking medical images can lead to inaccurate diagnoses and ineffective treatments. Generative models offer a promising solution for addressing medical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-02 M. AbdulRazek , G. Khoriba , M. Belal