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An ancient and counterintuitive phenomenon know as the Mpemba effect (water can cool faster when initially heated up) showcases the critical role of initial conditions in relaxation processes. How to realize and utilize this effect for…

Inspired by responses to the work (arXiv:1310.6514), we solved the one-dimensional, nonlinear Fourier initial and boundary condition problem using the finite element method. Examination of all possible parameters reveals the following: 1.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-01-16 Xi Zhang , Yongli Huang , Zengsheng Ma , Chang Q Sun

When a hot system cools down faster than an equivalent cold one, it exhibits the Mpemba Effect. This counterintuitive phenomenon was observed in several systems including water, magnetic alloys and polymers. In most experiments the system…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-07 Gianluca Teza , Ran Yaacoby , Oren Raz

The "Mpemba effect" is the name given to the assertion that hot water freezes quicker than cold water1 or, in a modern and more general form, that the system that is initially more distant from its equilibrium state comes to this state…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Andrei A. Klimov , Alexei V. Finkelstein

The quantum Mpemba effect is a phenomenon characterized by an exponential relaxation from a non-equililbrium state to a steady state. This effect was predicted with an analysis of the Liouvillian superoperator and experimentally…

This work explores the emergence of Mpemba-like effects within the quantum theory of lasers. By examining the temporal dynamics of photon number statistics in a single-mode laser above threshold, we reveal the curious and counterintuitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Stefano Longhi

We analyse the dynamical evolution of a fluid with non-linear drag, for which binary collisions are elastic, described at the kinetic level by the Enskog-Fokker-Planck equation. This model system, rooted in the theory of non-linear Brownian…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-26 A. Patrón , B. Sánchez-Rey , A. Prados

Despite decades of research, the Mpemba Effect challenges scientists, prompting further investigation and refinement of existing hypotheses. This work uses optical tools such as thermography to analyze and study the Mpemba effect on drops.…

We investigate the quantum Mpemba effect from the perspective of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics by studying relaxation dynamics of quantum systems coupled to a Markovian heat bath, which are described by Davies maps. Starting from a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Mattia Moroder , Oisín Culhane , Krissia Zawadzki , John Goold

The Mpemba effect, where a system initially farther from equilibrium relaxes faster than one closer to equilibrium, has been extensively studied in classical systems and recently explored in quantum settings. While previous studies of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Tanmay Bhore , Lei Su , Ivar Martin , Aashish A. Clerk , Zlatko Papić

Coherence is an inherently quantum property that deeply affects microscopic processes, including thermalization phenomena. A striking example is the quantum Mpemba effect (QME), in which a system can exhibit anomalous relaxation,…

The Mpemba effect occurs when a hot system cools faster than an initially colder one, when both are refrigerated in the same thermal reservoir. Using the custom built supercomputer Janus II, we study the Mpemba effect in spin glasses and…

The quicker freezing of hotter water, than a colder sample, when quenched to a common lower temperature, is referred to as the Mpemba effect (ME). While this counter-intuitive fact remains a surprize since long, efforts have begun to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-09-08 Sohini Chatterjee , Soumik Ghosh , Nalina Vadakkayil , Tanay Paul , Sanat K. Singha , Subir K. Das

As the temperature of a cooling object decreases as it relaxes to thermal equilibrium, it is intuitively assumed that a hot object should take longer to cool than a warm one. Yet, some 2,300 years ago, Aristotle observed that "to cool hot…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-07 Avinash Kumar , John Bechhoefer

Unlike most of the research on the Mpemba effect which has focused on verifying the observation that warm water freezes faster than cold water, our work quantitatively investigates the rates at which hot and cold water cool and the point at…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-01-17 Andrew Wang , Monica Chen , Yanni Vourgourakis , Antonio Nassar

In classical thermodynamics, the Mpemba effect refers to the counterintuitive observation that hot water can freeze faster than cold water, manifesting as an anomalous crossing of dynamical trajectories. While analogues of this phenomenon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Zhilong Liu , Zehua Tian , Jieci Wang

Symmetry plays a fundamental role in many-body systems, both in and out of equilibrium. The quantum Mpemba effect (QME) - a phenomenon where systems initially farther from equilibrium can thermalize faster - can be understood in terms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Andrew Hallam , Matthew Yusuf , Aashish A. Clerk , Ivar Martin , Zlatko Papić

An important process for antimatter experiments is the cooling of particles in a Penning-Malmberg trap to experimentally useful temperatures. A non-neutral plasma of one species (e.g. antiprotons) can be collisionally cooled on another…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 James C. Welch , Louis Jose , Timothy D. Tharp , Scott D. Baalrud

We investigate the direct and inverse Mpemba effects within the framework of the time-delayed Newton's law of cooling by introducing and analyzing the Descartes protocol, a three-reservoir thermal scheme in which each sample undergoes a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-09 Andrés Santos

The Mpemba effect originally referred to the observation that, under certain thermalizing dynamics, initially hotter samples can cool faster than colder ones. This effect has since been generalized to other anomalous relaxation behaviors…