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The BL Lac object PKS 0735+178 was in its historic $\gamma$-ray brightness state during December 2021. This period also coincides with the detection of a neutrino event IC211208A, which was localized close to the vicinity of PKS 0735+178.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-24 Athira M Bharathan , C. S. Stalin , S. Sahayanathan , Subir Bhattacharyya , Blesson Mathew

The detection of the high-energy ($\sim290$ TeV) neutrino coincident with the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056, the first and only $3\sigma$ neutrino-source association to date, provides new, multimessenger tests of the weak equivalence…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-30 Jun-Jie Wei , Bin-Bin Zhang , Lang Shao , He Gao , Ye Li , Qian-Qing Yin , Xue-Feng Wu , Xiang-Yu Wang , Bing Zhang , Zi-Gao Dai

In this review, recent progress in theoretical models for blazar emission will be summarized. The salient features of both leptonic and lepto-hadronic approaches to modeling blazar spectral energy distributions will be reviewed. I will…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-06-28 Markus Boettcher

Gamma-ray flares of blazars may be accompanied by high-energy neutrinos due to interactions of high-energy cosmic rays in the jet with photons, as suggested by the detection of the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A during a major…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-08 Kenji Yoshida , Maria Petropoulou , Kohta Murase , Foteini Oikonomou

We present a hadronic model of activity for Galactic gamma-ray-loud binaries, in which the multi-TeV neutrino flux from the source can be much higher and/or harder than the detected TeV gamma-ray flux. This is related to the fact that most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-12 A. Neronov , M. Ribordy

We present a fully analytical, time-dependent leptonic one-zone model that describes a simplified radiation process of multiple interacting ultrarelativistic electron populations, accounting for the flaring of GeV blazars. In this model,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-05 Christian Röken , Florian Schuppan , Katharina Proksch , Sebastian Schöneberg

IceCube has reported a very-high-energy neutrino (IceCube-170922A) in a region containing the blazar TXS 0506+056. Correlated {\gamma}-ray activity has led to the first high-probability association of a high-energy neutrino with an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-12-25 E. Ros , M. Kadler , M. Perucho , B. Boccardi , H. -M. Cao , M. Giroletti , F. Krauß , R. Ojha

We study constraints on the population of neutrino emitting blazars imposed by the absence of doublets in astrophysical muon neutrino signal and z>0.3 redshift of nearest identified neutrino-emitting blazar (an order of magnitude further…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-28 A. Neronov , D. V. Semikoz

The excess of neutrino candidate events detected by IceCube from the direction of TXS 0506+056 has generated a great deal of interest in blazars as sources of high-energy neutrinos. In this study, we analyze the publicly available portion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-20 Dan Hooper , Tim Linden , Abby Vieregg

We report the results of the search for the high-energy neutrino emission associated with blazar flares, accounting for a possible lag of neutrinos with respect to the electromagnetic emission, either due to the slowness of the proton…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-06 Egor Podlesnyi , Foteini Oikonomou

In the light of growing evidence that blazars are responsible for part of the astrophysical very-high-energy neutrino flux detected by IceCube, models for neutrino production through photo-pion interactions in blazar jets have been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-03 Markus Boettcher

The origin of the multiwavelength emission from PKS 0502+049 neighboring the first cosmic neutrino source TXS 0506+056 is studied using the data observed by Fermi-LAT and Swift UVOT/XRT. This source was in a flaring state in the considered…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-13 N. Sahakyan

We present an extensive analysis of the multi-wavelength data of the low-synchrotron-peaked BL Lac object CGRaBS J0211+1051, which has been gathered over more than ten years with many observatories. Two major gamma-ray flares have been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-14 Sunil Chandra , Pankaj Kushwaha , Pranjupriya Goswami , Michael Zacharias

Radio flares have been postulated to be associated with the production of astrophysical neutrinos. For example, TXS 0506+056 exhibits a 2-3 yr delay between the 2017 IceCube-170922A/$\gamma$-ray flare and a GHz radio maximum. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-02 S. I. Stathopoulos , C. Yuan , G. Vasilopoulos , F. Testagrossa , D. Karavola , M. Petropoulou , W. Winter

We consider, herein, a model for gamma-ray production in blazars in which a relativistic, highly-collimated electron-proton beam interacts with a dense, compact cloud as the jet propagates through the broad and perhaps narrow line regions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 J. H. Beall , W. Bednarek

X-ray and MeV polarization can be powerful diagnostics for leptonic and hadronic blazar models. Previous predictions are mostly based on a one-zone framework. However, recent IXPE observations of Mrk~421 and 501 strongly favor a multi-zone…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-14 Haocheng Zhang , Markus Böttcher , Ioannis Liodakis

A time-dependent emission model for blazar jets, taking acceleration due to Fermi-I and Fermi-II processes for electrons and protons as well as all relevant radiative processes self-consistently into account, is presented. The presence of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-12-10 Matthias Weidinger , Felix Spanier

Blazar flares have been suggested as ideal candidates for enhanced neutrino production. While the neutrino signal of $\gamma$-ray flares has been widely discussed, the neutrino yield of X-ray flares has received less attention. Here, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-08 S. I. Stathopoulos , M. Petropoulou , P. Giommi , G. Vasilopoulos , P. Padovani , A. Mastichiadis

Several tentative associations between high-energy neutrinos and astrophysical sources have been recently reported, but a conclusive identification of these potential neutrino emitters remains challenging. We explore the use of Monte Carlo…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-21 F. Capel , J. M. Burgess , D. J. Mortlock , P. Padovani

Context.Blazars, a sub-category of Active Galactic Nuclei, are characterized by their non-thermal variable emission. This emission extends over the whole electromagnetic spectrum and is a consequence of particle acceleration inside their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-22 Stella S. Boula , Apostolos Mastichiadis