Related papers: Reinforcement learning and Bayesian data assimilat…

Radiotherapy (RT) is a critical cancer treatment, with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) being a commonly used technique that enhances dose conformity by dynamically adjusting multileaf collimator (MLC) positions and monitor units…

Estimating what would be an individual's potential response to varying levels of exposure to a treatment is of high practical relevance for several important fields, such as healthcare, economics and public policy. However, existing methods…

In Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) systems, estimating the micro-Doppler (mD) spectrogram of a target requires combining channel estimates retrieved from communication with ad-hoc sensing packets, which cope with the sparsity of…

We explore an online reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm to dynamically optimize parallel particle tracing performance in distributed-memory systems. Our method combines three novel components: (1) a work donation algorithm, (2) a…

Traditionally, the major objective in phase I trials is to identify a working-dose for subsequent studies, whereas the major endpoint in phase II and III trials is treatment efficacy. The dose sought is typically referred to as the maximum…

We model Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression by combining differential equations (DEs) and reinforcement learning (RL) with domain knowledge. DEs provide relationships between some, but not all, factors relevant to AD. We assume that the…

A novel strategy is proposed to improve the accuracy of state estimation and reconstruction from low-fidelity models and sparse data from sensors. This strategy combines ensemble Data Assimilation (DA) and Machine Learning (ML) tools,…

The economic feasibility of nuclear microreactors will depend on minimizing operating costs through advancements in autonomous control, especially when these microreactors are operating alongside other types of energy systems (e.g.,…

Bayesian inference has many advantages in decision making of agents (e.g. robotics/simulative agent) over a regular data-driven black-box neural network: Data-efficiency, generalization, interpretability, and safety where these advantages…

Benchmark dose (BMD; a dose associated with a specified change in response) is used to determine the point of departure for the acceptable daily intake of substances for humans. Multiple dose-response relationship models are considered in…

Driven by the key challenges of cell therapy manufacturing, including high complexity, high uncertainty, and very limited process observations, we propose a hybrid model-based reinforcement learning (RL) to efficiently guide process…

Purpose: AI in radiology is hindered chiefly by: 1) Requiring large annotated data sets. 2) Non-generalizability that limits deployment to new scanners / institutions. And 3) Inadequate explainability and interpretability. We believe that…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that enables an intelligent agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative rewards in sequential decision making. Most of methods in the existing…

Informed and robust decision making in the face of uncertainty is critical for robots that perform physical tasks alongside people. We formulate this as Bayesian Reinforcement Learning over latent Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). While…

There is increasing interest in data-driven approaches for recommending optimal treatment strategies in many chronic disease management and critical care applications. Reinforcement learning methods are well-suited to this sequential…

Medication adherence is critical for the recovery of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who have undergone hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). However, maintaining adherence is challenging for AYAs after hospital discharge, who…

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare disease wherein altered bile acid metabolism contributes to sustained liver injury. This paper introduces REMEDI, a framework that captures bile acid dynamics and the body's adaptive response…

We consider the optimal sample complexity theory of tabular reinforcement learning (RL) for maximizing the infinite horizon discounted reward in a Markov decision process (MDP). Optimal worst-case complexity results have been developed for…

The clinical deployment of deep learning models for high-stakes tasks such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading requires demonstrable reliability. While models achieve high accuracy, their clinical utility is limited by a lack of robust…

In this paper, we present a novel guidance scheme based on model-based deep reinforcement learning (RL) technique. With model-based deep RL method, a deep neural network is trained as a predictive model of guidance dynamics which is…