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We present space efficient Monte Carlo algorithms that solve Subset Sum and Knapsack instances with $n$ items using $O^*(2^{0.86n})$ time and polynomial space, where the $O^*(\cdot)$ notation suppresses factors polynomial in the input size.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Nikhil Bansal , Shashwat Garg , Jesper Nederlof , Nikhil Vyas

In this paper, we provide algorithms to rank and unrank certain degree-restricted classes of Cayley trees (spanning trees of the n-vertex complete graph). Specifically, we consider classes of trees that have a given set of leaves or a fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-13 Jeffrey B. Remmel , S. Gill Williamson

We initiate a formal study of fairness for the $k$-server problem, where the objective is not only to minimize the total movement cost, but also to distribute the cost equitably among servers. We first define a general notion of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Mohammadreza Daneshvaramoli , Helia Karisani , Mohammad Hajiesmaili , Shahin Kamali , Cameron Musco

The semi-streaming model is a variant of the streaming model frequently used for the computation of graph problems. It allows the edges of an $n$-node input graph to be read sequentially in $p$ passes using $\tilde{O}(n)$ space. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Yi-Jun Chang , Martin Farach-Colton , Tsan-Sheng Hsu , Meng-Tsung Tsai

The problem of constructing optimal factoring automata arises in the context of unification factoring for the efficient execution of logic programs. Given an ordered set of $n$ strings of length $m$, the problem is to construct a trie-like…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Thomas Erlebach , Kleitos Papadopoulos

Two-stage robust optimization problems constitute one of the hardest optimization problem classes. One of the solution approaches to this class of problems is K-adaptability. This approach simultaneously seeks the best partitioning of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-16 Esther Julien , Krzysztof Postek , Ş. İlker Birbil

The competitive analysis fails to model locality of reference in the online paging problem. To deal with it, Borodin et. al. introduced the access graph model, which attempts to capture the locality of reference. However, the access graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-03-23 Amos Fiat , Manor Mendel

Consider the following generalization of the classic binary search problem: a searcher is required to find a hidden vertex $x$ in a tree $T$. To do so, they iteratively perform queries to an oracle, each about a chosen vertex $v$. After…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Michał Szyfelbein

For k>=1, we consider the graph dynamical system known as a k-reversible process. In such process, each vertex in the graph has one of two possible states at each discrete time. Each vertex changes its state between the present time and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-01 Leonardo I. L. Oliveira , Valmir C. Barbosa , Fábio Protti

We tackle in this paper an online network resource allocation problem with job transfers. The network is composed of many servers connected by communication links. The system operates in discrete time; at each time slot, the administrator…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-17 Ahmed Sid-Ali , Ioannis Lambadaris , Yiqiang Q. Zhao , Gennady Shaikhet , Amirhossein Asgharnia

The maximum/minimum bisection problems are, given an edge-weighted graph, to find a bipartition of the vertex set into two sets whose sizes differ by at most one, such that the total weight of edges between the two sets is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Tesshu Hanaka , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Taiga Sone

In the k-mappability problem, we are given a string x of length n and integers m and k, and we are asked to count, for each length-m factor y of x, the number of other factors of length m of x that are at Hamming distance at most k from y.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-12 Mai Alzamel , Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Costas S. Iliopoulos , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski , Wing-Kin Sung

The generalized $k$-server problem is an extension of the weighted $k$-server problem, which in turn extends the classic $k$-server problem. In the generalized $k$-server problem, each of $k$ servers $s_1, \dots, s_k$ remains in its own…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Marcin Bienkowski , Łukasz Jeż , Paweł Schmidt

We propose a B tree representation storing $n$ keys, each of $k$ bits, in either (a) $nk + O(nk / \lg n)$ bits or (b) $nk + O(nk \lg \lg n/ \lg n)$ bits of space supporting all B tree operations in either (a) $O(\lg n )$ time or (b) $O(\lg…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Tomohiro I , Dominik Köppl

We present the zipper tree, an $O(\log \log n)$-competitive online binary search tree that performs each access in $O(\log n)$ worst-case time. This shows that for binary search trees, optimal worst-case access time and near-optimal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Prosenjit Bose , Karim Douïeb , Vida Dujmovic , Rolf Fagerberg

Suppose that $n$ items arrive online in random order and the goal is to select $k$ of them such that the expected sum of the selected items is maximized. The decision for any item is irrevocable and must be made on arrival without knowing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Susanne Albers , Leon Ladewig

In the $(k,m)$-mappability problem, for a given sequence $T$ of length $n$, the goal is to compute a table whose $i$th entry is the number of indices $j \ne i$ such that the length-$m$ substrings of $T$ starting at positions $i$ and $j$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Costas S. Iliopoulos , Tomasz Kociumaka , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski , Juliusz Straszyński

We study the problem of finding small trees. Classical network design problems are considered with the additional constraint that only a specified number $k$ of nodes are required to be connected in the solution. A prototypical example is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-25 R. Ravi , R. Sundaram , Madhav V. Marathe , S. S. Ravi , Daniel J. Rosenkrantz

'Tree-based' phylogenetic networks proposed by Francis and Steel have attracted much attention of theoretical biologists in the last few years. At the heart of the definitions of tree-based phylogenetic networks is the notion of 'support…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-30 Momoko Hayamizu , Kazuhisa Makino

This paper is concerned with online caching algorithms for the (n,k)-companion cache, defined by Brehob et. al. In this model the cache is composed of two components: a k-way set-associative cache and a companion fully-associative cache of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Manor Mendel , Steven S. Seiden