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We propose a new robustness score for continuous-time Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications. Instead of considering only the most severe point along the evolution of the signal, we use average scores to extract more information from…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Noushin Mehdipour , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Calin Belta

Semantic control entails steering LM generations towards satisfying subtle non-lexical constraints, e.g., toxicity, sentiment, or politeness, attributes that can be captured by a sequence-level verifier. It can thus be viewed as sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Kareem Ahmed , Catarina G Belem , Padhraic Smyth , Sameer Singh

This study investigates formal-method-based trajectory optimization (TO) for bipedal locomotion, focusing on scenarios where the robot encounters external perturbations at unforeseen times. Our key research question centers around the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Zhaoyuan Gu , Rongming Guo , William Yates , Yipu Chen , Ye Zhao

Discrete-time stochastic systems are an essential modelling tool for many engineering systems. We consider stochastic control systems that are evolving over continuous spaces. For this class of models, methods for the formal verification…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Sofie Haesaert , Sadegh Soudjani

We investigate to which extent the relevant features of (static) Systemic Risk Measures can be extended to a conditional setting. After providing a general dual representation result, we analyze in greater detail Conditional Shortfall…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-05-12 Alessandro Doldi , Marco Frittelli

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) inference learns interpretable logical rules for temporal behaviors in dynamical systems. To ensure the correctness of learned STL formulas, recent approaches have incorporated conformal prediction as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yixuan Wang , Danyang Li , Matthew Cleaveland , Roberto Tron , Mingyu Cai

Online monitoring aims to evaluate or to predict, at runtime, whether or not the behaviors of a system satisfy some desired specification. It plays a key role in safety-critical cyber-physical systems. In this work, we propose a new…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Xinyi Yu , Weijie Dong , Xiang Yin , Shaoyuan Li

In this paper, we develop approximate dynamic programming methods for stochastic systems modeled as Markov Decision Processes, given both soft performance criteria and hard constraints in a class of probabilistic temporal logic called…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-08 Lening Li , Jie Fu

We present a general framework for optimizing the Conditional Value-at-Risk for dynamical systems using stochastic search. The framework is capable of handling the uncertainty from the initial condition, stochastic dynamics, and uncertain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-16 Ziyi Wang , Oswin So , Keuntaek Lee , Camilo A. Duarte , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) inference seeks to extract human-interpretable rules from time-series data, but existing methods lack formal confidence guarantees for the inferred rules. Conformal prediction (CP) is a technique that can provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Danyang Li , Yixuan Wang , Matthew Cleaveland , Mingyu Cai , Roberto Tron

Many practical applications of control require that constraints on the inputs and states of the system be respected, while optimizing some performance criterion. In the presence of model uncertainties or disturbances, for many control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Georg Schildbach , Lorenzo Fagiano , Christoph Frei , Manfred Morari

We consider distributionally robust optimal control of stochastic linear systems under signal temporal logic (STL) chance constraints when the disturbance distribution is unknown. By assuming that the underlying predicate functions are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-09 Arash Bahari Kordabad , Eleftherios E. Vlahakis , Lars Lindemann , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Sadegh Soudjani

In this paper, we investigate the controller design problem for linear disturbed systems under signal temporal logic (STL) specifications imposing both spatial and temporal constraints on system behavior. We first implement zonotope-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-18 Wei Ren , Raphael Jungers

This paper presents a risk-aware safe reinforcement learning (RL) control design for stochastic discrete-time linear systems. Rather than using a safety certifier to myopically intervene with the RL controller, a risk-informed safe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-16 Babak Esmaeili , Nariman Niknejad , Hamidreza Modares

Techniques for runtime verification often utilise specification languages that are (i) reasonably expressive, and (ii) relatively abstract (i.e. they operate on a level of abstraction that separates them from the system being monitored).…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Joshua Heneage Dawes , Giles Reger

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful specification language for describing complex temporal behaviors of continuous signals, making it well-suited for high-level robotic task descriptions. However, generating executable plans for STL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ruijia Liu , Ancheng Hou , Xiao Yu , Xiang Yin

We propose an interval extension of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) called Interval Signal Temporal Logic (\ISTL). Given an STL formula, we consider an interval inclusion function for each of its predicates. Then, we use minimal inclusion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-13 Luke Baird , Akash Harapanahalli , Samuel Coogan

This paper investigates the online monitoring problem for cyber-physical systems under signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. The objective is to design an online monitor that evaluates system correctness at runtime based on partial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Tao Han , Shaoyuan Li , Xiang Yin

We present a model predictive control (MPC) framework for nonlinear stochastic systems that ensures safety guarantee with high probability. Unlike most existing stochastic MPC schemes, our method adopts a set-erosion that converts the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Zishun Liu , Liqian Ma , Yongxin Chen

This paper proposes tackling safety-critical stochastic Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks with a sample-based, model-based approach. At the core of the method lies a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme that acts as function approximation,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Filippo Airaldi , Bart De Schutter , Azita Dabiri
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