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Quantum spin liquids (QSL) are theoretical states of matter with long-range entanglement and exotic quasiparticles. However, they generally elude quantitative theory, rendering their underlying phases mysterious and hampering efforts to…

Among the quantum many-body models that host anyon excitation and topological orders, quantum dimer models (QDM) provide a unique playground for studying the relation between single-anyon and multi-anyon continuum spectra. However, as the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-04-28 Zheng Yan , Yan-Cheng Wang , Nvsen Ma , Yang Qi , Zi Yang Meng

The existence of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) in which quantum fluctuations of spins are sufficiently strong to preclude spin ordering down to zero temperature was originally proposed theoretically more than 40 years ago, but its…

The properties and experimental identification of quantum spin liquids (QSLs) remain an important topic with many fundamental questions. Here, we explore the dynamics of a single charge dopant (hole) in a $t$-$J_{1}$-$J_{2}$ model on a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-02-26 J. H. Nyhegn , K. Knakkergaard Nielsen , G. M. Bruun

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) arises from a highly entangled superposition of many degenerate classical ground states in a frustrated magnet, and is characterized by emergent gauge fields and deconfined fractionalized excitations (spinons).…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-24 Bin Gao , Félix Desrochers , David W. Tam , Paul Steffens , Arno Hiess , Yixi Su , Sang-Wook Cheong , Yong Baek Kim , Pengcheng Dai

Quantum spin liquids are exotic phases of quantum matter especially pertinent to many modern condensed matter systems. Dirac spin liquids (DSLs) are a class of gapless quantum spin liquids that do not have a quasi-particle description and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-02-19 Yunchao Zhang , Xue-Yang Song , T. Senthil

Triangular lattice quantum antiferromagnet has recently emerged to be a promising playground for realizing Dirac spin liquids (DSLs) -- a class of highly entangled quantum phases hosting emergent gauge fields and gapless Dirac fermions.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-12-18 Vladimir Calvera , Chong Wang

Spectral probes, such as neutron scattering, are crucial for characterizing excitations in quantum many-body systems and the properties of quantum materials. Among the most elusive phases of matter are quantum spin liquids, which have no…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-05-10 Nicholas E. Sherman , Maxime Dupont , Joel E. Moore

By using Gutzwiller projected fermionic wave functions and variational Monte Carlo technique, we study the spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg model with the first-neighbor ($J_1$), second-neighbor ($J_2$), and additional scalar chiral interaction…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-09-07 Wen-Jun Hu , Shou-Shu Gong , D. N. Sheng

The Kitaev model belongs to an unconventional class of two-dimensional spin systems characterized by anisotropic, bond-dependent interactions that give rise to Quantum Spin Liquid (QSL) states. These exotic phases, marked by the absence of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-29 A. R. Moura , L. V. Santos

We revisit the challenging problem of identifying the quantum spin liquid candidate in the spin-1/2 $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the square lattice. By integrating the Gutzwiller-guided density matrix renormalization group…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-03-11 Hui-Ke Jin , Hong-Hao Tu , Ya-Hui Zhang

We study an extended spin-$1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice, which includes both nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions, as well as a scalar chiral term. This model exhibits a rich phase diagram…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-26 Markus Drescher , Laurens Vanderstraeten , Roderich Moessner , Frank Pollmann

The identification of fractionalized excitations in quantum spin liquids (QSLs) remains a central challenge in condensed matter physics. In dipolar-octupolar (DO) pyrochlores, such as $\text{Ce}_2\text{Zr}_2\text{O}_7$, the candidate…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-07 Bin Gao , Zhengbang Zhou , Tingjun Zhang , Andrey Podlesnyak , Sang-Wook Cheong , Yong Baek Kim , Pengcheng Dai

The dynamical dimer structure factor is an observable probing spin-singlet excitations of quantum magnets distinct from those commonly studied by the spin structure factor. We report the dimer response for the extended spin-$1/2$…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-29 Markus Drescher , Laurens Vanderstraeten , Roderich Moessner , Frank Pollmann , Johannes Knolle

After decades of progress and effort, obtaining a phase diagram for a strongly-correlated topological system still remains a challenge. Although in principle one could turn to Wilson loops and long-range entanglement, evaluating these…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-12-14 Yi Zhang , Roger G. Melko , Eun-Ah Kim

The topological quantum spin liquids (SL) and the nature of quantum phase transitions between them have attracted intensive attentions for the past twenty years. The extended kagome spin-1/2 antiferromagnet emerges as the primary candidate…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-08-05 W. Zhu , S. S. Gong , D. N. Sheng

Mott insulators with localized magnetic moments will exhibit a quantum spin liquid (QSL) state when the quantum fluctuations are strong enough to suppress the ordering of the spins. Such an entangled state will give rise to collective…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-17 Haiyang Chen , Fo-Hong Wang , Qiang Gao , Xue-Jian Gao , Zhenhua Chen , Yaobo Huang , Kam Tuen Law , Xiao Yan Xu , Peng Chen

We report gapless quantum spin liquid behavior in the layered triangular Sr$_{3}$CuSb$_{2}$O$_{9}$ (SCSO) system. X-ray diffraction shows superlattice reflections associated with atomic site ordering into triangular Cu planes well-separated…

The quantum spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a two dimensional triangular lattice geometry with spatial anisotropy is relevant to describe materials like ${\rm Cs_2 Cu Cl_4}$ and organic compounds like…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-11-09 Seiji Yunoki , Sandro Sorella

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) represent a novel state where spins are highly entangled but do not order even at zero temperature due to strong quantum fluctuations. Such a state is mostly studied in Heisenberg models defined on geometrically…