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Consider a vertex colouring game played on a simple graph with $k$ permissible colours. Two players, a maker and a breaker, take turns to colour an uncoloured vertex such that adjacent vertices receive different colours. The game ends once…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Dominique Andres , Edwin Lock

We introduce and study pawn games, a class of two-player zero-sum turn-based graph games. A turn-based graph game proceeds by placing a token on an initial vertex, and whoever controls the vertex on which the token is located, chooses its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Guy Avni , Pranav Ghorpade , Shibashis Guha

The concept of intransitiveness for games, which is the condition for which there is no first-player winning strategy can arise surprisingly, as happens in the Penney game, an extension of the heads or tails. Since a game can be converted…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-03-07 Alberto Baldi , Franco Bagnoli

In this paper, we introduce a two-player impartial game on graphs, called a {\em feedback game}, which is a variant of the generalized geography. We study the feedback game on Eulerian graphs. In particular, we show that the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Naoki Matsumoto , Atsuki Nagao

Intransitivity is a property of connected, oriented graphs representing species interactions that may drive their coexistence even in the presence of competition, the standard example being the three species Rock-Paper-Scissors game. We…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-02-19 Alessandra F. Lütz , Sebastián Risau-Gusman , Jeferson J. Arenzon

The slow-coloring game is played by Lister and Painter on a graph $G$. On each round, Lister marks a nonempty subset $M$ of the uncolored vertices, scoring $|M|$ points. Painter then gives a color to a subset of $M$ that is independent in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-07 Thomas Mahoney , Gregory J. Puleo , Douglas B. West

We propose a new coloring game on a graph, called the independence coloring game, which is played by two players with opposite goals. The result of the game is a proper coloring of vertices of a graph $G$, and Alice's goal is that as few…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-26 Boštjan Brešar , Daša Štesl

A famous result in game theory known as Zermelo's theorem says that "in chess either White can force a win, or Black can force a win, or both sides can force at least a draw". The present paper extends this result to the class of all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-25 Rabah Amir , Igor V. Evstigneev

Probabilistic concurrent/distributed strategies have so far not been investigated thoroughly in the context of imperfect information, where the Player has only partial knowledge of the moves made by the Opponent. In a situation where the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Sacha Huriot-Tattegrain , Glynn Winskel

Zero forcing is a one-player game played on a graph. The player chooses some set of vertices to color, then iteratively applies a color change rule: If all but one of a colored vertex's neighbors are colored, color (i.e. "force") the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-02 Shannon Dillman , Franklin Kenter

In a function that takes its inputs from various players, the effect of a player measures the variation he can cause in the expectation of that function. In this paper we prove a tight upper bound on the number of players with large effect,…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-05-06 Ronen Gradwohl , Omer Reingold , Ariel Yadin , Amir Yehudayoff

The Z-domination game is a variant of the domination game in which each newly selected vertex $u$ in the game must have a not yet dominated neighbor, but after the move all vertices from the closed neighborhood of $u$ are declared to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-21 Csilla Bujtás , Vesna Iršič , Sandi Klavžar

We introduce a new class of games where each player's aim is to randomise her strategic choices in order to affect the other players' expectations aside from her own. The way each player intends to exert this influence is expressed through…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-04 Lluís Godo , Enrico Marchioni

Indicated coloring is a graph coloring game in which two players collectively color the vertices of a graph in the following way. In each round the first player (Ann) selects a vertex, and then the second player (Ben) colors it properly,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-07 P. Francis , S. Francis Raj , M. Gokulnath

We introduce the Maker-Breaker domination game, a two player game on a graph. At his turn, the first player, Dominator, select a vertex in order to dominate the graph while the other player, Staller, forbids a vertex to Dominator in order…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Eric Duchêne , Valentin Gledel , Aline Parreau , Gabriel Renault

Introducing the simplest of all No-Signalling Games: the RGB Game where two verifiers interrogate two provers, Alice and Bob, far enough from each other that communication between them is too slow to be possible. Each prover may be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Xavier Coiteux-Roy , Claude Crépeau

We analyze the following general version of the deterministic Hats game. Several sages wearing colored hats occupy the vertices of a graph. Each sage can have a hat of one of $k$ colors. Each sage tries to guess the color of his own hat…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-16 Aleksei Latyshev , Konstantin Kokhas

The $[X,Y]$-edge colouring game is played with a set of $k$ colours on a graph $G$ with initially uncoloured edges by two players, Alice (A) and Bob (B). The players move alternately. Player $X\in\{A,B\}$ has the first move.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Stephan Dominique Andres , Wai Lam Fong

We consider combinatorial avoidance and achievement games based on graph Ramsey theory: The players take turns in coloring still uncolored edges of a graph G, each player being assigned a distinct color, choosing one edge per move. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Slany

We consider a game in which players are the vertices of a directed graph. Initially, Nature chooses one player according to some fixed distribution and gives her a buck, which represents the request to perform a chore. After completing the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Roberto Cominetti , Matteo Quattropani , Marco Scarsini