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Fine-grained sparsity promises higher parametric capacity without proportional per-token compute, but often suffers from training instability, load balancing, and communication overhead. We introduce STEM (Scaling Transformers with…

As phasor measurement units (PMUs) become more widely used in transmission power systems, a fast state estimation (SE) algorithm that can take advantage of their high sample rates is needed. To accomplish this, we present a method that uses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ognjen Kundacina , Mirsad Cosovic , Dragisa Miskovic , Dejan Vukobratovic

Exploiting sparsity is a key technique in accelerating quantized convolutional neural network (CNN) inference on mobile devices. Prior sparse CNN accelerators largely exploit un-structured sparsity and achieve significant speedups. Due to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Zhi-Gang Liu , Paul N. Whatmough , Yuhao Zhu , Matthew Mattina

We study classifiers operating under severe classification time constraints, corresponding to 1-1000 CPU microseconds, using Convolutional Tables Ensemble (CTE), an inherently fast architecture for object category recognition. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Aharon Bar-Hillel , Eyal Krupka , Noam Bloom

The power system state estimation (SE) algorithm estimates the complex bus voltages based on the available set of measurements. Because phasor measurement units (PMUs) are becoming more widely employed in transmission power systems, a fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Ognjen Kundacina , Mirsad Cosovic , Dejan Vukobratovic

We present a full-stack optimization framework for accelerating inference of CNNs (Convolutional Neural Networks) and validate the approach with field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) implementations. By jointly optimizing CNN models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Bradley McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang , H. T. Kung , Xin Dong

Transformer-based models are becoming more and more intelligent and are revolutionizing a wide range of human tasks. To support their deployment, AI labs offer inference services that consume hundreds of GWh of energy annually and charge…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Ching-Yi Lin , Sahil Shah

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are the state-of-the-art solution for many deep learning applications. For maximum scalability, their computation should combine high performance and energy efficiency. In practice, the convolutions of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-07 C. Peltekis , D. Filippas , G. Dimitrakopoulos , C. Nicopoulos , D. Pnevmatikatos

Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), have become an important tool for a wide range of applications, from computer vision to natural language processing. However, the computational complexity of DNN…

The acceleration of deep-learning kernels in hardware relies on matrix multiplications that are executed efficiently on Systolic Arrays (SA). To effectively trade off deep-learning training/inference quality with hardware cost, SA…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-11 D. Filippas , C. Peltekis , G. Dimitrakopoulos , C. Nicopoulos

Transformers are gaining increasing attention across Natural Language Processing (NLP) application domains due to their outstanding accuracy. However, these data-intensive models add significant performance demands to the existing computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Ahmed J. Abdelmaksoud , Shady Agwa , Themis Prodromakis

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become incredibly popular in recent years, and the significance of traditional accelerators in dealing with large-scale parameters is urgent. With the diffusion model's parallel structure, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Huan-Ke Hsu , I-Chyn Wey , T. Hui Teo

Due to their growing popularity and computational cost, deep neural networks (DNNs) are being targeted for hardware acceleration. A popular architecture for DNN acceleration, adopted by the Google Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), utilizes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Jeff Zhang , Tianyu Gu , Kanad Basu , Siddharth Garg

The paper discusses how Systolic Arrays can improve matrix multiplication for deep neural networks (DNNs). With AI models like OpenAI's GPT now containing trillions of parameters, the need for efficient matrix multiplication is more…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Tejas Raja

Hardware accelerators for convolution neural networks (CNNs) enable real-time applications of artificial intelligence technology. However, most of the existing designs suffer from low hardware utilization or high area cost due to complex…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Kuo-Wei Chang , Tian-Sheuan Chang

The recent research advances in deep learning have led to the development of small and powerful Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. Meanwhile Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) has become a popular hardware target choice…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-17 Nazariy K. Shaydyuk , Eugene B. John

To address the challenge of increasing network size, researchers have developed sparse models through network pruning. However, maintaining model accuracy while achieving significant speedups on general computing devices remains an open…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Haitao Xu , Songwei Liu , Yuyang Xu , Shuai Wang , Jiashi Li , Chenqian Yan , Liangqiang Li , Lean Fu , Xin Pan , Fangmin Chen

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have become state-of-the art for computer vision and other signal processing tasks due to their superior accuracy. In recent years, large efforts have been made to reduce the computational costs of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Mario Fischer , Juergen Wassner

DL inference queries play an important role in diverse internet services and a large fraction of datacenter cycles are spent on processing DL inference queries. Specifically, the matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) operations of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Benjamin Y. Cho , Jeageun Jung , Mattan Erez

We propose a highly structured neural network architecture for semantic segmentation with an extremely small model size, suitable for low-power embedded and mobile platforms. Specifically, our architecture combines i) a Haar wavelet-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Michael Tschannen , Lukas Cavigelli , Fabian Mentzer , Thomas Wiatowski , Luca Benini