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A fundamental challenge in the design of photonic devices, and electromagnetic structures more generally, is the optimization of their overall architecture to achieve a desired response. To this end, topology or shape optimizers based on…

In general, standard necessary optimality conditions cannot be formulated in a straightforward manner for semi-smooth shape optimization problems. In this paper, we consider shape optimization problems constrained by variational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-17 Daniel Luft , Volker H. Schulz , Kathrin Welker

The fully discrete adjoint equations and the corresponding adjoint method are derived for a globally high- order accurate discretization of conservation laws on parametrized, deforming domains. The conservation law on the deforming domain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-20 Matthew J. Zahr , Per-Olof Persson

Many stellarator coil design problems are plagued by multiple minima, where the locally optimal coil sets can sometimes vary substantially in performance. As a result, solving a coil design problem a single time with a local optimization…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Andrew Giuliani

The design of turbulence optimized stellarators has so far relied on three-dimensional equilibrium codes such as VMEC in order to find the minimum of a given objective function. In this work, we propose a complimentary approach based on the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 R. Jorge , M. Landreman

A variety of shooting methods for computing fully discrete time-periodic solutions of partial differential equations, including Newton-Krylov and optimization-based methods, are discussed and used to determine the periodic, compressible,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Matthew J. Zahr , Per-Olof Persson , Jon Wilkening

In this paper, we design constant modulus probing waveforms with good correlation properties for collocated multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar systems. The main content is as follows: first, we formulate the design problem as a fourth…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-04 Jiangtao Wang , Yongchao Wang

Stellarators are fusion energy devices that confine a plasma using non-axisymmetric magnetic fields. Complex coils with tight construction tolerances are needed to create such fields. To simplify such coils, we use a method here to create…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 J. Biu , R. Jorge

This work develops a robust and efficient framework of the adjoint gradient-based aerodynamic shape optimization (ASO) using high-order discontinuous Galerkin methods (DGMs) as the CFD solver. The adjoint-enabled gradients based on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Yiwei Feng , Lili Lv , Tiegang Liu , Kun Wang , Bangcheng Ai

High dimensional and/or nonconvex optimization remains a challenging and important problem across a wide range of fields, such as machine learning, data assimilation, and partial differential equation (PDE) constrained optimization. Here we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-29 Brian K. Tran , Ben S. Southworth , David B. Cavender , Sam Olivier , Syed A. Shah , Tommaso Buvoli

The rapidly emerging technology of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) opens new opportunities for the development of non-planar non-insulated HTS magnets. This type of HTS magnet offers attractive features via its simplicity,…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Carlos Paz-Soldan

The adjoint method, recently introduced by Evans, is used to study obstacle problems, weakly coupled systems, cell problems for weakly coupled systems of Hamilton-Jacobi equations, and weakly coupled systems of obstacle type. In particular,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-03-13 Filippo Cagnetti , Diogo Gomes , Hung Tran

Achieving robust control and optimization in high-fidelity physics simulations is extremely challenging, especially for evolutionary systems whose solutions span vast scales across space, time, and physical variables. In conjunction with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Brian K. Tran , Ben S. Southworth , Hannah F. Blumhoefer , Samuel Olivier

The efficient method for computing the sensitivities is the adjoint method. The cost of solving an adjoint equation is comparable to the cost of solving the governing equation. Once the adjoint solution is obtained, the sensitivities to any…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-05-22 Guojun Hu , Tomasz Kozlowski

We present a general and automated approach for computing model gradients for PDE solvers built on sparse spectral methods, and implement this capability in the widely used open-source Dedalus framework. We apply reverse-mode automatic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Calum S. Skene , Keaton J. Burns

The paper is concerned with a node-based, gradient-driven, continuous adjoint two-phase flow procedure to optimize the shapes of free-floating vessels and discusses three topics. First, we aim to convey that elements of a Cahn-Hilliard…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-02-10 Niklas Kühl , Thanh Tung Nguyen , Michael Palm , Dirk Jürgens , Thomas Rung

Predictive modeling of stellarator plasmas is crucial for advancing nuclear fusion energy, yet it faces unique computational difficulties. One of the main challenges is accurately simulating the dynamics of specific particle species that…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-11-21 Luca Venerando Greco

This paper presents a novel computational scheme for sensitivity analysis of the velocity field in the level set method using the discrete adjoint method. The velocity field is represented in B-spline space, and the adjoint equations are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-03 Hao Deng , Kazu Saitou

Adjoint methods have been the pillar of gradient-based optimization for decades. They enable the accurate computation of a gradient (sensitivity) of a quantity of interest with respect to all system's parameters in one calculation. When the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-12 Defne E. Ozan , Luca Magri

In stellarators, achieving effective divertor configurations is challenging due to the three-dimensional nature of the magnetic fields, which often leads to chaotic field lines and fuzzy separatrices. This work presents a novel approach to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Todd Elder , Matt Landremann , Christoper B. Smiet , Robert Davies