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Related papers: APPCorp: A Corpus for Android Privacy Policy Docum…

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Machine learning based classifiers that take a privacy policy as the input and predict relevant concepts are useful in different applications such as (semi-)automated compliance analysis against requirements of the EU GDPR. In all past…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Peng Tang , Xin Li , Yuxin Chen , Weidong Qiu , Haochen Mei , Allison Holmes , Fenghua Li , Shujun Li

Online Automated Privacy Policy Generators (APPGs) are tools used by app developers to quickly create app privacy policies which are required by privacy regulations to be incorporated to each mobile app. The creation of these tools brings…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Ruoxi Sun , Minhui Xue

Privacy policies are legal documents that describe how a website will collect, use, and distribute a user's data. Unfortunately, such documents are often overly complicated and filled with legal jargon; making it difficult for users to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Zachary Lindner

Privacy policies have become the most critical approach to safeguarding individuals' privacy and digital security. To enhance their presentation and readability, researchers propose the concept of contextual privacy policies (CPPs), aiming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Shidong Pan , Zhen Tao , Thong Hoang , Dawen Zhang , Zhenchang Xing , Xiwei Xu , Mark Staples , David Lo

Making sure that users understand privacy policies that impact them is a key challenge for a real GDPR deployment. Research studies are mostly carried in English, but in Europe and elsewhere, users speak a language that is not English.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Francesco Ciclosi , Silvia Vidor , Fabio Massacci

Android apps collecting data from users must comply with legal frameworks to ensure data protection. This requirement has become even more important since the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by the European…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Mugdha Khedkar , Michael Schlichtig , Eric Bodden

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is considered as the benchmark in the European Union (EU) for privacy and data protection standards. Since before its entry into force in 2018, substantial research has been conducted in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Orlando Amaral Cejas , Nicolas Sannier , Sallam Abualhaija , Marcello Ceci , Domenico Bianculli

Android and Facebook provide third-party applications with access to users' private data and the ability to perform potentially sensitive operations (e.g., post to a user's wall or place phone calls). As a security measure, these platforms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Mario Frank , Ben Dong , Adrienne Porter Felt , Dawn Song

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is an essential subset of artificial intelligence. It has become effective in several domains, such as healthcare, finance, and media, to identify perceptions, opinions, and misuse, among others. Privacy is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Andrick Adhikari , Sanchari Das , Rinku Dewri

Privacy protection raises great attention on both legal levels and user awareness. To protect user privacy, countries enact laws and regulations requiring software privacy policies to regulate their behavior. However, privacy policies are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Kaifa Zhao , Le Yu , Shiyao Zhou , Jing Li , Xiapu Luo , Yat Fei Aemon Chiu , Yutong Liu

Privacy Policies are the legal documents that describe the practices that an organization or company has adopted in the handling of the personal data of its users. But as policies are a legal document, they are often written in extensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Ayesha Qamar , Tehreem Javed , Mirza Omer Beg

Understanding privacy policies is crucial for users as it empowers them to learn about the information that matters to them. Sentences written in a privacy policy document explain privacy practices, and the constituent text spans convey…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Jianfeng Chi , Tu Le , Thomas Norton , Yuan Tian , Kai-Wei Chang

Privacy policy documents are often lengthy, complex, and difficult for non-expert users to interpret, leading to a lack of transparency regarding the collection, processing, and sharing of personal data. As concerns over online privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Vijayalakshmi Ramasamy , Seth Barrett , Gokila Dorai , Jessica Zumbach

Privacy labels -- standardized, compact representations of data collection and data use practices -- are often presented as a solution to the shortcomings of privacy policies. Apple introduced mandatory privacy labels for apps in its App…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yanzi Lin , Jaideep Juneja , Eleanor Birrell , Lorrie Faith Cranor

As technology and technology companies have grown in power, ubiquity, and societal influence, some companies -- and notably some mobile apps -- have come to be perceived as privacy threats. Prior work has considered how various factors…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Jenny Tang , Hannah Shoemaker , Leah Teffera , Eleanor Birrell , Ada Lerner

Data protection law, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), usually requires a privacy policy before data can be collected from individuals. We analysed 15,145 privacy policies from 26,910 mobile apps in May 2019 (about…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Konrad Kollnig

Privacy policies are intended to inform users about how software systems collect and handle data, yet they often remain vague or incomplete. This paper presents an empirical study of patterns in log-related statements within privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zhiyuan Chen , Love Jayesh Ahir , Ahmad Suleiman , Kundi Yao , Yiming Tang , Weiyi Shang , Daqing Hou

Many Android applications collect data from users. When they do, they must protect this collected data according to the current legal frameworks. Such data protection has become even more important since the European Union rolled out the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Mugdha Khedkar

Access to privacy-sensitive information on Android is a growing concern in the mobile community. Albeit Google Play recently introduced some privacy guidelines, it is still an open problem to soundly verify whether apps actually comply with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Luca Verderame , Davide Caputo , Andrea Romdhana , Alessio Merlo

Privacy policies are crucial for informing users about data practices, yet their length and complexity often deter users from reading them. In this paper, we propose an automated approach to identify and visualize data practices within…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Mukund Srinath , Pranav Venkit , Maria Badillo , Florian Schaub , C. Lee Giles , Shomir Wilson