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Collective decision-making arises from individual agents integrating their own personal observations with information obtained from social partners. In many biological systems that exhibit collective decision-making, the process by which…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-28 Ling-Wei Kong , Naomi Ehrich Leonard , Andrew M. Hein

Collective behaviors exhibited by animal groups, such as fish schools, bird flocks, or insect swarms are fascinating examples of self-organization in biology. Concepts and methods from statistical physics have been used to argue…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-14 Pawel Romanczuk , Bryan C. Daniels

The behavior of active matter under confinement poses significant challenges due to the intricate coupling between dynamics near boundaries and those in the bulk. A defining feature of active matter systems is that a substantial portion of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-25 Leonid Berlyand , Spencer Dang , Pierre-Emmanuel Jabin , Mykhailo Potomkin

This paper considers a discrete time swarm model of a group of mobile autonomous agents with a simple attraction and repulsion function for swarm aggregation and investigates its stability properties. In particular, it is proved that the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Long Wang

Collective motion in animal groups, such as swarms of insects, flocks of birds, and schools of fish, are some of the most visually striking examples of emergent behavior. Empirical analysis of these behaviors in experiment or computational…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-16 Kevin Schultz , Marisel Villafane-Delgado , Elizabeth P. Reilly , Grace M. Hwang , Anshu Saksena

Collective motion is ubiquitous in active systems at all length and time scales. The mechanisms behind such collective motion usually are alignment interactions between active particles, effective alignment after collisions between agents…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-24 José Martín-Roca , Daniel Escobar Ortiz , Chantal Valeriani , Horacio Serna

Collective behaviour in biological systems pitches us against theoretical challenges way beyond the borders of ordinary statistical physics. The lack of concepts like scaling and renormalization is particularly grievous, as it forces us to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-11 A. Cavagna , D. Conti , C. Creato , L. Del Castello , I. Giardina , T. S. Grigera , S. Melillo , L. Parisi , M. Viale

We derive an explicit form for the Cucker-Smale (CS) model on the special orthogonal group $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ by identifying closed form expressions for geometric quantities such as covariant derivative and parallel transport in exponential…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-03-12 Razvan C. Fetecau , Seung-Yeal Ha , Hansol Park

We introduce and discuss two nonlinear perturbed extensions of the Cucker-Smale model with asymmetric coupling weights. The first model assumes a finite collection of autonomous agents aiming to perform a consensus process in the presence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-04 Christoforos Somarakis , Evripidis Paraskevas , John S. Baras , Nader Motee

Understanding the mechanisms behind emergent behaviors in multi-agent systems is critical for advancing fields such as swarm robotics and artificial intelligence. In this study, we investigate how neural networks evolve to control agents'…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-10-28 Guilherme S. Y. Giardini , John F. Hardy , Carlo R. da Cunha

Recent investigations have provided important insights into the complex structure and dynamics of collectively moving flocks of living organisms. Two intriguing observations are, scale-free correlations in the velocity fluctuations, in the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Kunal Bhattacharya , Abhijit Chakraborty

Living in groups brings benefits to many animals, such as a protection against predators and an improved capacity for sensing and making decisions while searching for resources in uncertain environments. A body of studies has shown how…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-01-23 Andrea Falcón-Cortés , Denis Boyer , Gabriel Ramos-Fernández

We present a quantitative continuum theory of ``flocking'': the collective coherent motion of large numbers of self-propelled organisms. Our model predicts the existence of an ``ordered phase'' of flocks, in which all members of the flock…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 John Toner , Yuhai Tu

Decision-making individuals often imitate their highest-earning fellows rather than optimize their own utilities, due to bounded rationality and incomplete information. Perpetual fluctuations between decisions have been reported as the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-16 Yiheng Fu , Pouria Ramazi

We propose a large-scale scaling viewpoint for deriving mesoscopic dynamics from interacting particle systems and apply it to the Cucker--Smale flocking model. In contrast with the classical mean-field regime leading to the Vlasov-type…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Ruicheng Cheng , Seung-Yeal Ha , Jaemoon Lee , Zhenfu Wang

We consider the behavior of a collective variable in a complex system formed by a finite number of interacting subunits. Each of them is characterized by a degree of freedom with an intrinsic nonlinear bistable stochastic dynamics. The lack…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-16 M. Morillo , J. M. Casado

Flocking is a fascinating phenomenon observed across a wide range of living organisms. We investigate, based on a simple self-propelled particle model, how the emergence of ordered motion in a collectively moving group is influenced by the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Vijay Kumar , Rumi De

We investigate the effects of long-range social interactions in flocking dynamics by studying the dynamics of a scalar model of collective motion embedded in a complex network representing a pattern of social interactions, as observed in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-10-23 M. Carmen Miguel , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras

In a view for a simple model where natural selection at the individual level is confronted to selection effects at the group level, we consider some individual-based models of some large population subdivided into a large number of groups.…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-13 Aurélien Velleret

Many systems in nature, from ferromagnets to flocks of birds, exhibit ordering phenomena on the large scale. In physical systems order is statistically robust for large enough dimensions, with relative fluctuations due to noise vanishing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-05 Andrea Cavagna , Irene Giardina , Asja Jelic , Edmondo Silvestri , Massimiliano Viale