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In general, the rates of infection and removal (whether through recovery or death) are nonlinear functions of the number of infected and susceptible individuals. One of the simplest models for the spread of infectious diseases is the SIR…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-11 Seong Jun Park , M. Y. Choi

In this paper, a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model with identical infectivity, where each node is assigned with the same capability of active contacts, $A$, at each time step, is presented. We found that on scale-free networks,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Rui Yang , Jie Ren , Wen-Jie Bai , Tao Zhou , Ming-Feng Zhang , Bing-Hong Wang

This paper investigates a behavioral-feedback SIR model in which the infection rate adapts dynamically based on the fractions of susceptible and infected individuals. We introduce an invariant of motion and we characterize the peak of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-17 Martina Alutto , Leonardo Cianfanelli , Giacomo Como , Fabio Fagnani , Francesca Parise

We study the minimum eradication time problem for controlled Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic models that incorporate vaccination control and time-varying infected and recovery rates. Unlike the SIR model with constant rates,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Jiwoong Jang , Yeoneung Kim

We consider a spatial SIR epidemic model where the infectivity of infected individuals depends upon their age of infection, and infections are non local. The domain is an unbounded subset of $\R^d$,and the individuals do not move. We extend…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Armand Kanga , Etienne Pardoux

We study the spread of discrete-time epidemics over arbitrary networks for well-known propagation models, namely SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible), SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered), SIRS (susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible)…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-10-03 Navid Azizan Ruhi , Hyoung Jun Ahn , Babak Hassibi

We explore the emergence of persistent infection in a patch of population, where the disease progression of the individuals is given by the SIRS model and an individual becomes infected on contact with another infected individual. We…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-05-08 Vidit Agrawal , Promit Moitra , Sudeshna Sinha

We consider the emergent behavior of viral spread when agents in a large population interact with each other over a contact network. When the number of agents is large and the contact network is a complete graph, it is well known that the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-13 Anirudh Sridhar , Soummya Kar

We consider the SIR epidemiological model applied to the evolution of COVID-19 with two approaches. In the first place we fit a global SIR model, with time delay, and constant parameters throughout the outbreak, including the contagion…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-23 Nana Geraldine Cabo Bizet , Damián Kaloni Mayorga Peña

We consider the spread of a supercritical stochastic SIR (Susceptible, Infectious, Recovered) epidemic on a configuration model random graph. We mainly focus on the final stages of a large outbreak and provide limit results for the duration…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Abid Ali Lashari , Ana Serafimović , Pieter Trapman

We study an infection-age structured epidemic model in which both the infectivity and the rate of loss of immunity depend on the time-since-infection. The model can be equivalently viewed as a nonlinear renewal equation for the incidence of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Francesca Scarabel , Harry Coldwell , Tyler Cassidy

The effect of spatial correlations on the spread of infectious diseases was investigated using a stochastic SIR (Susceptible-Infective-Recovered) model on complex networks. It was found that in addition to the reduction of the effective…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 J. Verdasca , M. M. Telo da Gama , A. Nunes , N. R. Bernardino , J. M. Pacheco , M. C. Gomes

This paper considers a stochastic SIR (susceptible$\to$infective$\to$removed) epidemic model in which individuals may make infectious contacts in two ways, both within `households' (which for ease of exposition are assumed to have equal…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Frank Ball , David Sirl , Pieter Trapman

We investigate SIR models with vital dynamics, reinfection, and randomness at the transmission coefficient and recruitment rate. Initially, we conduct an extensive analysis of the autonomous scenario, covering aspects such as local and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Javier López-de-la-Cruz , Alexandre N. Oliveira-Sousa

Accurate identification of effective epidemic threshold is essential for understanding epidemic dynamics on complex networks. The existing studies on the effective epidemic threshold of the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model generally…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-14 Panpan Shu , Wei Wang , Ming Tang , Pengcheng Zhao , Yi-Cheng Zhang

An understanding of the disease spreading phenomenon based on a mathematical model is extremely needed for the implication of the correct policy measures to contain the disease propagation. Here, we report a new model namely the Ising-SIR…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-04 Dipak Patra

Susceptibility governs the dynamics of contagion. The classical SIR model is one of the simplest compartmental models of contagion spread, assuming a single shared susceptibility level. However, variation in susceptibility over a population…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-09-22 Christopher Rose , Andrew J. Medford , C. Franklin Goldsmith , Tejs Vegge , Joshua Weitz , Andrew A. Peterson

The growing literature on the propagation of COVID-19 relies on various dynamic SIR-type models (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) which yield model-dependent results. For transparency and ease of comparing the results, we introduce a common…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-19 Christian Gourieroux , Joann Jasiak

Stochastic infection processes are continuous-time Markov chains on graphs that assign each vertex one of multiple states, such as susceptible, infected, or recovered. Depending on the model, vertices change their state based on random…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Nicolas Klodt , Martin S. Krejca

The impact of spatial structure on the spread of an epidemic is an important issue in the propagation of infectious diseases. Recent studies, both deterministic and stochastic, have made it possible to understand the importance of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-09 Alphonse Emakoua