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Postprocessing ensemble weather predictions to correct systematic errors has become a standard practice in research and operations. However, only few recent studies have focused on ensemble postprocessing of wind gust forecasts, despite its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-14 Benedikt Schulz , Sebastian Lerch

Statistical postprocessing is used to translate ensembles of raw numerical weather forecasts into reliable probabilistic forecast distributions. In this study, we examine the use of permutation-invariant neural networks for this task. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-22 Kevin Höhlein , Benedikt Schulz , Rüdiger Westermann , Sebastian Lerch

Probabilistic forecasts in the form of ensemble of scenarios are required for complex decision making processes. Ensemble forecasting systems provide such products but the spatio-temporal structures of the forecast uncertainty is lost when…

Applications · Statistics 2016-12-21 Zied Ben Bouallegue , Tobias Heppelmann , Susanne E. Theis , Pierre Pinson

Seasonal climate predictions support planning and risk management by offering early information of the most likely-to-occur climate conditions in the coming months, and associated uncertainties. Ensemble forecasts enable this by simulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso

Ensemble prediction systems are an invaluable tool for weather forecasting. Practically, ensemble predictions are obtained by running several perturbations of the deterministic control forecast. However, ensemble prediction is associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Rüdiger Brecht , Alex Bihlo

State-of-the-art weather forecasts usually rely on ensemble prediction systems, accounting for the different sources of uncertainty. As ensembles are typically uncalibrated, they should get statistically postprocessed. Several multivariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-21 Roman Schefzik

We investigate the performance and sampling variability of estimated forecast combinations, with particular attention given to the combination of forecast distributions. Unknown parameters in the forecast combination are optimized according…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-07 Ryan Zischke , Gael M. Martin , David T. Frazier , D. S. Poskitt

Today weather forecasting is conducted using numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, consisting of a set of differential equations describing the dynamics of the atmosphere. The output of such NWP models are single deterministic…

Applications · Statistics 2018-11-07 Annette Möller , Ludovica Spazzini , Daniel Kraus , Thomas Nagler , Claudia Czado

Probabilistic weather forecasting requires not only accurate trajectories, but calibrated distributions over plausible atmospheric futures. Recent data-driven systems have achieved remarkable deterministic skill, and diffusion-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fan Xu , Yuan Gao , Kun Wang , Rui Su , Fenghua Ling , Hao Wu , Wanli Ouyang

Meteorological ensembles are a collection of scenarios for future weather delivered by a meteorological center. Such ensembles form the main source of valuable information for probabilistic forecasting which aims at producing a predictive…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-07 Marie Courbariaux , Pierre Barbillon , Luc Perreault , Éric Parent

Ensemble forecasting is a technique devised to palliate sensitivity to initial conditions in nonlinear dynamical systems. The basic idea to avoid this sensitivity is to run the model many times under several slightly-different initial…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 F J Tapiador , R Verdejo

To quantify the uncertainty in numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecasts, ensemble prediction systems are utilized. Although NWP forecasts continuously improve, they suffer from systematic bias and dispersion errors. To obtain well…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-30 Ferdinand Buchner , David Jobst , Annette Möller , Claudia Czado

Distributional regression aims at estimating the conditional distribution of a targetvariable given explanatory co-variates. It is a crucial tool for forecasting whena precise uncertainty quantification is required. A popular methodology…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-22 Clément Dombry , Ahmed Zaoui

Precipitation forecasts are less accurate compared to other meteorological fields because several key processes affecting precipitation distribution and intensity occur below the resolved scale of global weather prediction models. This…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-04-21 Rüdiger Brecht , Alex Bihlo

Rainfall ensemble forecasts have to be skillful for both low precipitation and extreme events. We present statistical post-processing methods based on Quantile Regression Forests (QRF) and Gradient Forests (GF) with a parametric extension…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-07 Maxime Taillardat , Anne-Laure Fougères , Philippe Naveau , Olivier Mestre

Issuing timely severe weather warnings helps mitigate potentially disastrous consequences. Recent advancements in Neural Weather Models (NWMs) offer a computationally inexpensive and fast approach for forecasting atmospheric environments on…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Antoine Leclerc , Erwan Koch , Monika Feldmann , Daniele Nerini , Tom Beucler

We discuss an approach to probabilistic forecasting based on two chained machine-learning steps: a dimensional reduction step that learns a reduction map of predictor information to a low-dimensional space in a manner designed to preserve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-28 Nick Rittler , Carlo Graziani , Jiali Wang , Rao Kotamarthi

To mitigate the uncertainty of variable renewable resources, two off-the-shelf machine learning tools are deployed to forecast the solar power output of a solar photovoltaic system. The support vector machines generate the forecasts and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Mohamed Abuella , Badrul Chowdhury

Probabilistic load forecasts provide comprehensive information about future load uncertainties. In recent years, many methodologies and techniques have been proposed for probabilistic load forecasting. Forecast combination, a widely…

Applications · Statistics 2018-03-20 Yi Wang , Ning Zhang , Yushi Tan , Tao Hong , Daniel Kirschen , Chongqing Kang

Short-term probabilistic wind power forecasting can provide critical quantified uncertainty information of wind generation for power system operation and control. As the complicated characteristics of wind power prediction error, it would…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-14 You Lin , Ming Yang , Can Wan , Jianhui Wang , Yonghua Song