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This study provides a systematic review of the recent advances in designing the intelligent tutoring robot (ITR), and summarises the status quo of applying artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. We first analyse the environment of the ITR…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Jinyu Yang , Bo Zhang

Artificial Intelligence is a central topic in the computer science curriculum. From the year 2011 a project-based learning methodology based on computer games has been designed and implemented into the intelligence artificial course at the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Clemente Rubio-Manzano , Tomas Lermanda Senoceain

Generative AI is revolutionizing content creation and has the potential to enable real-time, personalized educational experiences. We investigated the effectiveness of converting textbook chapters into AI-generated podcasts and explored the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Tiffany D. Do , Usama Bin Shafqat , Elsie Ling , Nikhil Sarda

We describe a method of automatic feedback provision for students learning programming and computational methods in Python. We have implemented, used and refined this system since 2009 for growing student numbers, and summarise the design…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-09-14 Hans Fangohr , Neil O'Brien , Anil Prabhakar , Arti Kashyap

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have shown great potential in delivering personalized and adaptive education, but their widespread adoption has been hindered by the need for specialized programming and design skills. Existing approaches…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Tommaso Calo , Christopher J. MacLellan

The ubiquitous nature of chatbots and their interaction with users generate an enormous amount of data. Can we improve chatbots using this data? A self-feeding chatbot improves itself by asking natural language feedback when a user is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Kun Ni , Siva Reddy

Automated feedback generation plays a crucial role in enhancing personalized learning experiences in computer science education. Among different types of feedback, next-step hint feedback is particularly important, as it provides students…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Anastasiia Birillo , Aleksei Rostovskii , Yaroslav Golubev , Hieke Keuning

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have been developed to provide students with personalized learning experiences by adaptively generating learning paths optimized for each individual. Within the vast scope of ITS, score prediction stands…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Youngnam Lee , Byungsoo Kim , Dongmin Shin , JungHoon Kim , Jineon Baek , Jinhwan Lee , Youngduck Choi

Research on intelligent tutoring systems has been exploring data-driven methods to deliver effective adaptive assistance. While much work has been done to provide adaptive assistance when students seek help, they may not seek help…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Mehak Maniktala , Min Chi , Tiffany Barnes

Humans are talented with the ability to perform diverse interactions in the teaching process. However, when humans want to teach AI, existing interactive systems only allow humans to perform repetitive labeling, causing an unsatisfactory…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Zhongyi Zhou

The rapid advancement of large-scale language models (LLMs) has shown their potential to transform intelligent education systems (IESs) through automated teaching and learning support applications. However, current IESs often rely on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yuxin Liu , Zeqing Song , Jiong Lou , Chentao Wu , Jie Li

Providing students with individualized feedback through assignments is a cornerstone of education that supports their learning and development. Studies have shown that timely, high-quality feedback plays a critical role in improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Pavlin G. Poličar , Martin Špendl , Tomaž Curk , Blaž Zupan

The integration of AI in education offers significant potential to enhance learning efficiency. Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Llama, allow students to query a wide range of topics, providing unprecedented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zhaoxing Li , Vahid Yazdanpanah , Jindi Wang , Wen Gu , Lei Shi , Alexandra I. Cristea , Sarah Kiden , Sebastian Stein

Knowledge tracing is a technique that predicts students' future performance by analyzing their learning process through historical interactions with intelligent educational platforms, enabling a precise evaluation of their knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zhiyu Chen , Wei Ji , Jing Xiao , Zitao Liu

Feedback has a powerful influence on learning, but it is also expensive to provide. In large classes, it may even be impossible for instructors to provide individualized feedback. Peer assessment has received attention lately as a way of…

Applications · Statistics 2014-10-16 Dennis L. Sun , Naftali Harris , Guenther Walther , Michael Baiocchi

Intelligent tutoring systems leverage AI models of expert learning and student knowledge to deliver personalized tutoring to students. While these intelligent tutors have demonstrated improved student learning outcomes, it is still unclear…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Grace Guo , Aishwarya Mudgal Sunil Kumar , Adit Gupta , Adam Coscia , Chris MacLellan , Alex Endert

Students in introductory physics courses often rely on ineffective strategies, focusing on final answers rather than understanding underlying principles. Integrating scientific argumentation into problem-solving fosters critical thinking…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-08-21 Winter Allen , Anand Shanker , N. Sanjay Rebello

Current Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tutoring systems (AI tutors) are primarily evaluated based on the pedagogical quality of their feedback messages. While important, pedagogy alone is insufficient because it ignores a critical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Rose Niousha , Samantha Boatright Smith , Bita Akram , Peter Brusilovsky , Arto Hellas , Juho Leinonen , John DeNero , Narges Norouzi

This work investigates how tutoring discourse interacts with students' proximal knowledge to explain and predict students' learning outcomes. Our work is conducted in the context of high-dosage human tutoring where 9th-grade students (N=…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Mark Abdelshiheed , Jennifer K. Jacobs , Sidney K. D'Mello

Effective personalized feedback is critical to students' literacy development. Though LLM-powered tools now promise to automate such feedback at scale, LLMs are not language-neutral: they privilege standard academic English and reproduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Mei Tan , Lena Phalen , Dorottya Demszky