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We present some basic integer arithmetic quantum circuits, such as adders and multipliers-accumulators of various forms, as well as diagonal operators, which operate on multilevel qudits. The integers to be processed are represented in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Archimedes Pavlidis , Emmanuel Floratos

The history of ternary adders goes back to more than six decades ago. Since then, a multitude of ternary full adders (TFAs) have been presented in the literature. This paper conducts a review of TFAs so that one can be familiar with the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Sarina Nemati , Mostafa Haghi Kashani , Reza Faghih Mirzaee

We demonstrate the proof of principle for a ternary adder using silicon metal-on-insulator single electron transistors (SET). Gate dependent rectifying behavior of a single electron transistor results in a robust three-valued output as a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 J. A. Mol , J. van der Heijden , J. Verduijn , M. Klein , F. Remacle , S. Rogge

Given the stringent requirements of energy efficiency for Internet-of-Things edge devices, approximate multipliers, as a basic component of many processors and accelerators, have been constantly proposed and studied for decades, especially…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Ying Wu , Chuangtao Chen , Weihua Xiao , Xuan Wang , Chenyi Wen , Jie Han , Xunzhao Yin , Weikang Qian , Cheng Zhuo

This paper explores the possibilities of using a computing methodology --hardware and software-- that employs technology other than binary. I refer to this as "supra - binary" computing. Software constructs that use more than binary…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-03-22 Givon Zirkind

Convolutional neural networks have recently achieved significant breakthroughs in various image classification tasks. However, they are computationally expensive,which can make their feasible mplementation on embedded and low-power devices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Mir Khan , Heikki Huttunen , Jani Boutellier

Quantum addition based on the quantum Fourier transform can be an integral part of a quantum circuit and proved to be more efficient than the existing classical ripple carry adder. Our study includes identifying the quantum resource…

Transformer models have revolutionized AI tasks, but their large size hinders real-world deployment on resource-constrained and latency-critical edge devices. While binarized Transformers offer a promising solution by significantly reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yuhao Ji , Chao Fang , Shaobo Ma , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

Today's PCs can directly manipulate numbers not longer than 64 bits because the size of the CPU registers and the data-path are limited. Consequently, arithmetic operations such as addition, can only be performed on numbers of that length.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Youssef Bassil , Aziz Barbar

This paper proposes four quadrant analog multiplier using CMOS-memristor circuit. Currently, there are plenty of analog multipliers using resistors and CMOS transistors. They can attain perfect multiplication but have several disadvantages…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Ileskhan Kalysh , Olga Krestinskaya , Alex Pappachen James

In this technical note, we provide a comparison of the design metrics of various quasi-delay-insensitive (QDI) asynchronous adders, where the adders correspond to diverse architectures. QDI adders are robust, and the objective of this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-26 P Balasubramanian

This paper proposes an low power approximate multiplier architecture for deep neural network (DNN) applications. A 4:2 compressor, introducing only a single combination error, is designed and integrated into an 8x8 unsigned multiplier. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Pragun Jaswal , L. Hemanth Krishna , B. Srinivasu

We give quantum circuits that simulate an arbitrary two-qubit unitary operator up to global phase. For several quantum gate libraries we prove that gate counts are optimal in worst and average cases. Our lower and upper bounds compare…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Vivek V. Shende , Igor L. Markov , Stephen S. Bullock

In this paper a low power and low area array multiplier with carry save adder is proposed. The proposed adder eliminates the final addition stage of the multiplier than the conventional parallel array multiplier. The conventional and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-12-01 Nirlakalla Ravi , A. Satish , T. Jayachandra Prasad , T. Subba Rao

In this work, a rationalized algorithm for calculating the quotient of two quaternions is presented which reduces the number of underlying real multiplications. Hardware for fast multiplication is much more expensive than hardware for fast…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-02 Aleksandr Cariow , Galina Cariowa

After the optimal parameters of additive quaternary codes of dimension $k\le 3$ have been determined there is some recent activity to settle the next case of dimension $k=3.5$. Here we complete dimension $k=3.5$ and $k=4$. We also solve the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Sascha Kurz

An additive quaternary $[n,k,d]$-code (length $n,$ quaternary dimension $k,$ minimum distance $d$) is a $2k$-dimensional F_2-vector space of $n$-tuples with entries in $Z_2\times Z_2$ (the $2$-dimensional vector space over F_2) with minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-13 Juergen Bierbrauer , Stefano Marcugini , Fernanda Pambianco

In this paper, we consider quantized decoding of LDPC codes on the binary symmetric channel. The binary message passing algorithms, while allowing extremely fast hardware implementation, are not very attractive from the perspective of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Lucile Sassatelli , Shashi Kiran Chilappagari , Bane Vasic , David Declercq

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have become state-of-the art for computer vision and other signal processing tasks due to their superior accuracy. In recent years, large efforts have been made to reduce the computational costs of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Mario Fischer , Juergen Wassner

Quantum arithmetic circuits have practical applications in various quantum algorithms. In this paper, we address quantum addition on 2-dimensional nearest-neighbor architectures based on the work presented by Choi and Van Meter (JETC 2012).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-02 Mehdi Saeedi , Alireza Shafaei , Massoud Pedram