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We present a method to extract the photon indistinguishability error from Hong-Ou-Mandel interference measurements, accounting for the combined effects of loss and multiphoton noise that contaminate the single-photon Hilbert space. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Franciscus H. B. Somhorst , Jason Saied , Eleanor G. Rieffel , Jelmer J. Renema

Quantum emitters such as quantum dots, defects in diamond or in silicon have emerged as efficient single photon sources that are progressively exploited in quantum technologies. In 2019, it was shown that the emitted single photon states…

In the original formulation of the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) experiment, when two otherwise indistinguishable photons are incident upon the two input ports of a balanced beam splitter, they coalesce, always leaving via the same output port. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Felix Mann , Helen M. Chrzanowski , Marlon Placke , Felipe Gewers , Sven Ramelow

The quantum interference between a coherent state and a single photon is an important tool in continuous variable optical quantum technologies to characterize and engineer non-Gaussian quantum states. Semiconductor quantum dots, which have…

Topological insulators are materials that have a gapped bulk energy spectrum, but contain protected in-gap states appearing at their surface. These states exhibit remarkable properties such as unidirectional propagation and robustness to…

Interference between independently generated photons is a key step towards distributing entanglement over long distances, but it requires synchronization between the distantly-located photon sources. Synchronizing the clocks of such photon…

Nearly 30 years ago, two-photon interference was observed, marking the beginning of a new quantum era. Indeed, two-photon interference has no classical analogue, giving it a distinct advantage for a range of applications. The peculiarities…

We study the impact of distinguishability and mixedness -- two fundamental properties of quantum states -- on quantum interference. We show that these can influence the interference of multiple particles in different ways, leading to…

Photon statistics plays a governing role in multi-photon interference. While interference visibility in the standard two-photon case, known as Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, monotonically degrades with higher intensity correlation functions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Rikizo Ikuta

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is widely regarded as the quintessential quantum interference phenomenon in optics. In this work we examine how nonlinearity can smear statistical photon bunching in the HOM interferometer. We model both the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-25 K. A. Ralley , I. V. Lerner , I. V. Yurkevich

When quantum state amplitudes interfere, surprising non-classical features emerge which emphasis the roles of indistinguishability and discreteness in quantum mechanics. A famous example in quantum optics is the Hong Ou Mandel interference…

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference unveils a distinct behavior of identical particles which cannot be distinguished from each other. Especially for bosons, two separated identical particles passing through a beamsplitter always go together…

The Hong-Ou-Mandel interference dip is caused by an entangled state, a delocalized bi-photon state. We propose a method of detecting this entanglement by utilizing inverse Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, while taking into account vacuum and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Megan R. Ray , Steven J. van Enk

Erasing quantum-mechanical distinguishability is of fundamental interest and also of practical importance, particularly in subject areas related to quantum information processing. We demonstrate a method applicable to optical systems in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Monika Patel , Joseph B. Altepeter , Yu-Ping Huang , Neal N. Oza , Prem Kumar

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is known to be one of the main phenomena in quantum optics. The effect occurs when two identical single-photon waves enter a 1:1 beam splitter, one in each input port. When the photons are identical, they will…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-04 Dmitry N. Makarov

We demonstrate a Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between two independent, intrinsically pure, heralded single photons from spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) at telecom wavelength. A visibility of $85.5\pm8.3%$ was achieved without…

Interference between independent single photons is perhaps the most fundamental interaction in quantum optics. It has become increasingly important as a tool for optical quantum information science, as one of the rudimentary quantum…

Two-photon interference effects, such as the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, can be used to characterize to what extent two photons are identical. Identical photons are necessary for both linear optics quantum computing and single-photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-06 Imran M. Mirza , S. J. van Enk

This article is a detailed introduction to Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference, in which two photons interfere on a beamsplitter in a way that depends on the photons' distinguishability. We begin by considering distinguishability in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Agata M. Brańczyk

We report the possibility of completely destructive interference of three indistinguishable photons on a three port device providing a generalisation of the well known Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of two indistinguishable photons on a two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 S. Mährlein , J. von Zanthier , G. S. Agarwal